Exam 3 - Section 1 (10/25) Flashcards
_________ : functions of parts of the brain
Anatomy
_________ : effects of neurotransmitters and
hormones on brain processes
Biochemistry
Parts of _________
– Dendrites
– Axons
nerves
Types of nerves:
– Afferent nerves
– _________ nerves
– Interneurons
Efferent
Types of nerves:
– _________ nerves
– Efferent nerves
– _________
- Afferent
- Interneurons
If its important for mood, its important for _________
personality
_________ nerves - Send information down to CNS
Efferent
_________ - Controls response to stimulus, environment, stress response, anxiety response
CNS
CNS - Controls response to stimulus, _________, stress response, _________ response
- environment
- anxiety
_________ nervous system - Responds to stress, emergency situations
-Increases blood pressure, heart rate, dilates eyes
Sympathetic
Sympathetic nervous system - Responds to stress, _________ situations
-Increases blood pressure, _________, dilates eyes
- emergency
- heart rate
_________ nervous system - Calms you down, relaxes blood vessels, slows heart rate
Parasympathetic
Parasympathetic nervous system - Calms you down, _________ blood vessels, slows _________
- relaxes
- heart rate
_________ controls Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous systems
CNS
CNS includes:
- _________ system - hormone system
- _________
- Adrenal
- Spine
_________ nerves - bring information up to your brain from the CNS
Afferent
Afferent nerves - bring information up to your _________ from the _________
- brain
- CNS
_________ - between neurons, allow them to talk to each other
Interneurons
Interneurons - between neurons, allow them to _________ to each other
talk
Responstivity -
Someone who is very jumpy has a more _________ nervous system
-reactive
_________ = regulates emotional responses
Amygdala
_________ = receives and processes hormones and neurotransmitters
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus = receives and processes hormones and _________
neurotransmitters
_________ - Secretes lots of hormones
Hypothalamus
_________ = executive function - cognition
Frontal lobe (frontal cortext)
Frontal lobe (frontal cortext) = executive function - _________
cognition
_________ = outer layer
Cortex
Brain damage in _________ = lasting effects on personality
frontal cortex
Dopamine we process is managed and handled in _________
the frontal cortex
Brain damage in _________ can change levels of aggression, risk taking, etc
the frontal cortex
Brain damage in the frontal cortex can change levels of aggression, _________ , etc
risk taking
Brain damage in _________ = emotional processing, regulation
-Can create a “short fuse”
rear of brain
Brain damage in rear of brain = emotional _________, regulation
-Can create a “_________ “
- processing
- short fuse
Changes in _________ structure can change important parts of your _________
- brain
- personality
_________ - Spike through brain damaged part of his brain (prefrontal cortex) making him aggressive, etc
Phineas Gage
Phineas Gage - Spike through brain damaged part of his brain (prefrontal cortex) making him _________, bad decisions, etc
-aggressive
Brain stimulation - electric signals
-Can make long lasting changes in _________
mood and affect
Brain stimulation common for _________ disorder
bipolar
Transcranial _________ stimulation (TMS)
magnetic
transcranial _________ stimulation (tDCS)
direct current
- ______encephalography (EEG)
* ______encephalography (MEG)
- Electro
- Magneto
Brain activity and imaging
– Detect WHAT PARTS of the brain are working
- ___ scans
- Positron emission tomography (PET)
- Functional _________ Resistance Imaging (fMRI)
- CT
- Magnetic
Brain activity and imaging
– Detect WHAT PARTS of the brain are working
- CT scans
- Positron _________ tomography (PET)
- Functional Magnetic Resistance Imaging (fMRI)
-emission
Difficulties with imaging techniques
– May indicate _________ activity
inhibitory
Difficulties with imaging techniques
All parts of the brain are always _________ to some degree
• Blood oxygenation level dependent (_____) imaging signals and perfusion imaging
- active
- BOLD
Difficulties with imaging techniques
All parts of the brain are always active to some degree
• Blood _________ level dependent (BOLD) imaging signals and _________ imaging
- oxygenation
- perfusion
Difficulties with imaging techniques
Brain activity in response to a _________ does not mean the same _________ process occurs every time that area is active
- stimulus
- psychological
Difficulties with imaging techniques
Most researchers only look at _________ areas
• Difficult to detect the _________ context effect
- small
- neural
Difficulties with imaging techniques
The technology is _________ to use
-difficult
Contentiousness, Extraversion - controlled by _________
amygdala
_________ - Links perceptions and thoughts with emotional meaning
amygdala
amygdala - • Role in negative and positive _________
emotions
_________ -
Role in assessing whether a stimulus is threatening or rewarding
amygdala
amygdala - Role in assessing whether a stimulus is _________ or rewarding
-threatening
Damage to the _________ - changes levels of contentiousness, Extraversion
amygdala
_________ -
Relevant traits: anxiety, fearfulness, sociability, sexuality, optimism, extraversion, neuroticism
amygdala
amygdala -
Relevant traits: anxiety, _________, sociability, _________, optimism, extraversion, neuroticism
- fearfulness
- sexuality
amygdala -
Relevant traits: anxiety, fearfulness, sociability, sexuality, _________, extraversion, _________
- optimism
- neuroticism
– _________ murders at University of Texas in 1966 -
Tumor next to amygdala - changed his thoughts and behaviors
Whitman
– murders at University of Texas in 1966 -
Tumor next to _________ - changed his thoughts and _________
- amygdala
- behaviors
_________ - 25 year old student started having dark murderous thoughts, killed a bunch of people at university of Texas then killed his wife.
-Tumor next to amygdala
Whitman
Whitman - 25 year old student started having dark _________ thoughts, killed a bunch of people at university of Texas then killed his wife.
-Tumor next to amygdala
murderous
Whitman - -Left a note saying something was wrong with him, please do an autopsy on me. psychologist had told him he was fine
- Had _________ pressing on amygdala
tumor