Exam 3 Oral Cavity Flashcards
1
Q
The digestive system is made of:
A
- oral cavity
- alimentary canal
- accessory glands
2
Q
Alimentary canal is made up of:
A
- esophagus
- stomach
- small and large intestines
- rectum and anus
3
Q
Accessory glands release:
A
Fluids, enzymes, emulsifying agents
4
Q
Digestive system accessory glands include:
A
- salivary glands
- pancreas
- liver
- gall bladder
5
Q
Function of digestive system
A
Obtain necessary molecules for maintenance, growth, and energy needs of the body from ingested food
6
Q
Processes of the digestive system
A
- ingestion
- mastication
- deglutition (swallowing)
- digestion
- absorption
- elimination
7
Q
Ingestion of food results in:
A
- reduction in size
- moistened
8
Q
____ is formed during ingestion of food
A
Bolus
9
Q
Where is digestion started?
A
In the oral cavity during ingestion of food
10
Q
The oral cavity has 2 parts, which are:
A
- vestibule
- oral cavity proper
11
Q
Components of the oral cavity
A
- lips
- teeth
- tongue
- hard palate
- soft palate
- cheeks
- uvula
- tonsils
- gums
12
Q
Define:
mucosa
A
Mucous tissue lining various body cavities exposed to environment or internal organs
13
Q
Mucosa is made up of:
A
- epithelium
- lamina propria
14
Q
Function of mucosa
A
- keeps CT moist
- secretes mucus
- prevents entry of pathogens
15
Q
Mucosa found specifically in the muscularis mucosa
A
- esophageal mucosa
- gastric mucosa
- intestinal mucosa
16
Q
Synonym of mucosa
A
Mucous membrane
17
Q
Compared to other regular mucosa, GI mucosae contains a layer called:
A
Muscular mucosae
18
Q
Muscularis mucosae is a layer of ____
A
smooth muscle
19
Q
GI mucosae contains ___ layers
A
3
20
Q
Oral mucosa contains ____ epithelium
A
Stratified squamous
21
Q
Oral mucous membrane is composed of
A
Stratified squamous epithelium, lamina propria
22
Q
There are ___ types of oral mucosa, called:
A
3; lining mucosa, masticatory mucosa, specialized mucosa
23
Q
Lining mucosa is found in:
A
Most of the oral cavity
24
Q
Masticatory mucosa is found on:
A
gingiva, hard palate
25
Specialized mucosa are _____ structures found on:
intraepithelial; taste buds
26
____ overlies the lamina propria in the oral mucosa
Oral epithelium
27
Oral epithelium contains structures called:
Rete ridges/rete pegs
28
Is lining mucosa keratinized?
No - nonkeratinized
29
Rete ridges/pegs
interdigitation between the oral epithelium and the lamina propria
30
Is masticatory mucosa keratinized, parakeratinized or nonkeratinized?
keratinized or parakeratinized
31
Lining mucosa epithelium (B) is:
Non-keratinized stratified squamous
32
In lining mucosa, the finger-like projections (A) into the epithelium are called:
Papillae (lamina propria)
33
Non-keratinized epithelium is very:
Thick
34
4 cell layers of masticatory mucosa
- stratum corneum
- statum granulosum
- stratum spinosum
- stratum basale
35
Masticatory mucosa: Stratum corneum
Keratinized layer
36
Masticatory mucosa: Stratum granulosum
Granular layer
37
Masticatory mucosa: stratum spinosum
Prickle cell layer
38
Masticatory mucosa: stratum basale
Basal layer
39
Keratinized masticatory mucosa
40
Parakeratinized masticatory mucosa
41
All masticatory mucosa contains:
- stratified squamous epithelium
- prickle cell layer
- basal cell layer
42
What are the differences between the 2 types of masticatory mucosa?
- Keratinized layer: no nuclei present, granular layer above prickle layer
- Nonkeratinized layer: Nuclei present in keratinized layer, granular layer is less apparent
43
Gingival epithelium is ___ bound to bone by _____
tightly; dense fibrous connective tissue
44
Lip epithelium is supported by ____
Looser connective tissue
45
Mucogingival junction is ___keratinized
Parakeratinized
46
Oral cavity epithelial transitions:
1. Outside part of lip (skin)=
2. Inside of lip (where it becomes wet)=
3. gingiva=
(jump over the teeth)
4. more gingiva=
5. back to the wet area under the tongue=
6. Surface of tongue
1. Orthokeratinized
2. Non-keratinized
3. Parakeratinized
4. Parakeratinized
5. non-keratinized
6. Partially keratinized
47
Three surface regions of the lips
- skin aspect
- vermillion zone
- mucous (internal) aspect
48
The core of the lips is made of:
- skeletal muscle
- fibroelastic connective tissue
49
The skin aspect of the lips is composed of:
- thin skin (epidermis, dermis)
- sweat glands
- hair follicles
- sebaceous glands
50
The vermillion zone of the lips is composed of:
- pink region
- thin skin
- no hair follicles or sweat glands
- lots of rete apparatus (pink color)
51
Mucous aspect of lips is composed of:
- wet nonkeratinized epithelium
- CT has mucous and minor salivary glands
52
External lip thin skin is made of ____ epithelium
Stratified squamous keratinized
53
Where is the vermillion zone located?
transition from dry to wet epithelium
54
Vermillion zone contains ____ epithelium
Stratified squamous keratinized
55
____ contains modified thin skin and extensive interdigitations
Vermillion zone of the lips
56
Does the vermillion zone contain sweat glands and hair follicles?
No, neither
57
Internal aspect of the lips has ____ epithelium
Thick, stratified squamous nonkeratinized
58
Deep rete pegs and CT papillae are characteristic of:
Internal aspect of lips
59
____ separates the oral and nasal cavities
Palate
60
What are the regions of the palate?
- hard palate
- soft palate
- uvula
61
The hard palate is considered a ____ and is ____. It contains what kind of mucosa?
Bone shelf; immovable; Masticatory mucosa
62
The soft palate contains ___ mucosa
Lining
63
The uvula contains ____
skeletal muscle (core)
64
Largest structure in the oral cavity
Tongue
65
The bulk of the tongue is:
Skeletal muscle
66
The tongue contains 2 regions:
- extrinsic
- intrinsic
67
The extrinsic muscles of the tongue originate ____
Outside of the tongue
68
Extrinsic muscles of the tongue control what kind of movements?
- in/out
- side to side
69
Intrinsic muscles of the tongue originate:
Within the tongue
70
Intrinsic muscles of the tongue control what kind of movement?
Alter the shape
71
What are the surfaces of the tongue?
- dorsal
- ventral
- 2 lateral
72
The dorsal aspect of the tongue is split into:
- anterior 2/3
- posterior 1/3
73
The anterior 2/3 of the tongue makes up the:
Body of the tongue
74
The posterior 1/3 of the tongue makes up:
- base
- lingual tonsils
75
What is found at the V-shaped border of the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3?
Circumvallate papilla
76
The anterior 2/3 of the tongue contains what kinds of lingual papillae?
- filiform
- fungiform
- circumvallate
- foliate
77
Filiform papillae are highly ____. Their purpose is to _____ ; they do not have _____
keratinized; scrape food; taste buds
78
Fungiform papillae are ____ like. They are ____ and found on _____
mushroom; nonkeratinized; taste buds
79
Circumvallate papillae are found in a ____ arrangement. The sides and grove contain ____
V-shaped; taste buds
80
The ___ papillae contain the Glands von Ebner, which is a ___
circumvallate; minor salivary gland
81
The foliate papillae are found on _____ of the tongue. They contain ____
posterior, lateral sides, vertical furrows; taste buds
82
Which lingual papillae do not contain taste buds?
Filiform papillae (hairlike)
83
____ papilla can be keratinized thinly or nonkeratinized
Fungiform
84
Foliate papilla contains ____ epithelium which contains _____ situated laterally
nonkeratinized; taste buds
85
____ are found in the epithelium of circumvallate papilla
Taste buds
86
There is a ____ that runs around a circumvallate papilla, and ____ empties into it
Deep groove; Glands of Ebner
87
Taste buds are considered an:
intraepithelial sensory organ
88
Taste buds perceive:
Taste
89
There are about ____ taste buds
3000
90
A taste bud is an ___ structure each holding _____ cells
Oval; 60-80
91
Cell types of taste buds
- basal cells (type IV cells)
- dark cells (type I cells)
- light cells (type II cells)
- intermediate cells (type III cells)
92
Basal cells give rise to:
- dark cells
- light cells
- intermediate cells
93
Type IV cells
Basal cells
94
Type I cells
dark cells
95
Type II cells
Light cells
96
Type III cells
intermediate cells
97
All cells of taste buds contain:
Microvilli into taste pore
98
What taste sensations can be perceived by taste buds?
- salty
- sweet
- sour
- bitter
99
Each taste bud is specific for ___ of 4 tastes depending on what ____ they have
2; receptor
100
Salty and sour is perceived using ____
Ion channel linked receptor
101
Bitter and sweet is perceived using ____
GPCR
102
Ion channels and GPCR alter ____ to create an ____
resting potential; action potential/depolarization event
103
Salivary glands that open into the oral cavity
- parotid
- submandibular
- sublingual
- minor salivary glands in the connective tissue of oral mucosa
104
Function of salivary glands
Deliver saliva to oral cavity
105
Saliva contains what other components?
- salivary amylase
- lactoferrin
- lysozymes
- IgA
106
Saliva - function
- tasting food
- start digestion
- solubilize food
- permit swallowing
- protection due to mucus and antibacterial agents
107
Major salivary glands are classified as:
Compound tubulo-alveolar
108
____ secretes 20-30% of resting saliva volume
Parotid gland
109
Which salivary gland produces only serous secretion?
Parotid gland
110
The submandibular gland secretes ____ of resting saliva
60-65%
111
The sub mandibular gland secretions are ____ but predominantly ____
Mixed; serous
112
Sublingual glands secrete ____ of resting saliva and is predominantly ____ secretion
2-5%; mixed (mucous)
113
Salivary gland structure - portions (2)
- secretory portion (acinous)
- duct portion
114
The acinous portion of salivary gland contains ____ shaped cells and can secrete ___ or ____ secretions
pyramidal; mucous or serous (can't be both but the products can be mixed after)
115
The acinous portion of salivary gland contain ___ which contain a host of protein products
Zymogen granules
116
Secretory portion of salivary gland contains ____ acini (alveoli) couched by ____
serous and/or mucous; myoepithelial cells
117
What types of cells are found in the secretory portion of salivary gland
- serous
- mucous
- myoepithelial
118
What is the purpose of myoepithelial cells?
Possible muscle contraction to stimulate salivary flow
119
Describe the appearance/structure of serous cells
- truncated pyramids
- basally located nuclei
- well-developed RER
- golgi complex
- basal mitochondria
- apically secretory granules rich in ptyalin
120
Ptyalin
Salivary amylase
121
Describe the appearance/structure of mucous cells
- truncated pyramids
- nuclei basally located, flattened
- fewer mitochondria
- less extensive RER
- more golgi apparatus
- abundant secretory granules
122
Myoepithelial cells are also known as
Basket cells
123
Myoepithelial cells share the:
basal laminae of
acinar cells
124
Myoepithelial cells have long processes that envelop the:
secretory acinus and
intercalated ducts
125
Parotid gland is enclosed by
Very tough connective tissue capsule
126
Parotid gland secretes through
Stensen's duct (parotid duct)
127
Intercalated ducts connect:
Acinar lumen with striated ducts
128
Epithelial lining of intercalated ducts
either simple squamous or very low cuboidal (resemble secretory cells)
129
Intercalated duct cells may contain ____ but they are not released
secretory granules
130
Intercalated ducts are surrounded by
Myoepithelial cells
131
____ are important in salivary volume regulation
Striated ducts
132
Striated ducts contain ____ cells with ____ and basal infoldings filled with ____
tall, columnar cells with microvilli; mitochondria
133
Submandibular gland secretes into
Wharton's duct
134
Minor salivary glands
- Glands of von Ebner
- Anterior lingual glands
- lingual
- buccal
- labial
- palatal
