Exam 3 Lymphatic System

Question 1

What are the primary organs of the lymphatic system?

Answer 1

1. Bone marrow
2. Cloacal bursa/ bursa of fabricius
3. Thymus

Question 2

What are the secondary organs of the lymphatic system?

Answer 2

1. Lymph nodes
2. Spleen
3. mucosal associated lymphoid tissue

Question 3

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

Answer 3

to protext the body against pathogenic organisms and their products and to help in the removal and disposal of cells undergoing natural or induced degenerations

Question 4

What are the 2 mechanisms of action of the lymphatic system?

Answer 4

1. phagocytosis

2. production of immunologically competent cells

Question 5

Where are fixed macrophages found?

Answer 5

sinusoids of:
Liver
spleen
lymph node
Reticulum of bone marrow

Question 6

Where are free macrophages found?

Answer 6

Blood
lung
serous cavities

Question 7

Cells that capture, process and present protein fragments from extracellular antigens

Answer 7

APCs

Question 8

What are the 3 APCs?

Answer 8

1. Dendritic cells
2. Macrophages
3. B-cells

Question 9

Where does T cell differentiation occur?

Answer 9

Thymus

Question 10

Where does B cell differentiation occur?

Answer 10

bursa or bone marrow

Question 11

What are the 2 types of stromal cells found in the lymphatic system?

Answer 11

Reticular and epithelial reticular cells

Question 12

What is the cloacal bursa?

Answer 12

aka bursa of fabricus

dorsal wall of the cloaca, functionally equivalent to mammalian bone marrow for b cell differentiation

Question 13

Where is the thymus located?

Answer 13

in the mediastinum just cranial to the heart

Question 14

Which part of the thymus is the area of positive selection?

Answer 14

Cortex

Question 15

Which part of the thymus is the area of negative selection?

Answer 15

Medulla

Question 16

Large central calcified or degenrated cells surrounded by concentric circles of keratinized cells

Answer 16

Hassall’s corpuscles

Question 17

What is the corticomedullary junction?

Answer 17

Area of the thymus where arteries enter

Question 18

Organ that filters antigens from lymph before returning it to bloodstream

Answer 18

Lymph Nodes

Question 19

What is the only lymphatic organ with both afferent and efferent lymph vessels and sinuses containing lymph?

Answer 19

Lymph nodes

Question 20

The dense, irregular connective tissue of the lymph node

Answer 20

Capsule

Question 21

Extend from capsule into the cortex and medulla of lymph nodes

Answer 21

Trabeculae

Question 22

reticular cells and fibers that support lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells, located in lymph nodes

Answer 22

Lymph node stroma

Question 23

Lymph vessels open into the _______

Answer 23

Subscapsular sinus

Question 24

Trace the path of lymph through the lymph node!

Answer 24

Afferent vessel– Marginal (subscapsular) sinuses– Cortical (trabecular) sinuses– medullary sinuses– efferent vessel

Question 25

What are the 3 zones of the germinal center of a seondary follicle?

Answer 25

1. Dark zone (DZ) 2. apical light zone (LZ) 3. Marginal zone (MZ)

Question 26

What happens when thoracic duct is ruptured?

Answer 26

Chylothorax

Question 27

what are the 5 functions of the spleen?

Answer 27

1. filters blood 2. samples/removes antigens from blood 3. Mounts immune response against blood borne antigens 4. hematopoiesis in fetus 5. stores RBCs and platelets

Question 28

Which species does not have a storage- type spleen?

Answer 28

cats

Question 29

What are the 2 portions of Red Pulp in the spleen?

Answer 29

1. parenchyma | 2. venous sinuses

Question 30

What makes up the parencyma of the red pulp

Answer 30

macrophages

Question 31

What makes up the venous sinuses in red pulp?

Answer 31

long endothelial cells and basement memb.

Question 32

What does the parenchyma of white pulp contain?

Answer 32

b cells and t cells

Question 33

What are the mucosal associated lymphoid tissues?

Answer 33

1. GALT 2. BALT 3. Tonsil 4. Ocular 5. Urogenital 6. Mammary

Question 34

What are GALT?

Answer 34

Gut-associated lymphatic tissue

Question 35

What are the 5 GALTs?

Answer 35

1. Solitary and aggrigated lymph nodes 2. Intraepithelial lymphocytes 3. subepithelial lymphocytes 4. Plasma Cells 5. Macrphages

Question 36

What are Peyer's patches?

Answer 36

Aggregated lymphatic nodules located in the small intestine

Question 37

Blind-ended lymphatic capillaries within intestinal vili of small intestine

Answer 37

Lacteals

Question 38

What are M-Cells?

Answer 38

Specialized epithelial cells found in peyer's patch that secrete contento on the lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 39

Aggregated lymphatic nodules in pharynx

Answer 39

Tonsils

Question 40

T/F tonsils do not contain lymphatic vessels.

Answer 40

T

Question 41

Where are lymphatic vessels not located?

Answer 41

eye, cartilage, bone, spleen, CNS

Question 42

T/F. The flow of lymph from periphery to heart is bidirectional?

Answer 42

F. Unidirectional

Question 43

What prevents backflow in lymphatic vessels?

Answer 43

One way valves