Exam 1: Puberty and Estrous Cycle

Question 1

The acquisition of capability of sexual reproduction

by producing gametes is defined by the

onset of cyclicity in females

and

mature sperm in males

Answer 1

Puberty

Question 2

How is puberty different from sexual maturity?

Answer 2

Puberty involves further body growth and means

the animals is of adequate size for

pregnancy, delivery, and lactation.

Question 3

The juvenile pituitary is unresponsive to acute doses of GnRH,

but is upregulated by pulsatile infusion of GnRH.

This means that the pulse generator is _______ in juveniles

Answer 3

dormant

Question 4

These 2 neurotransmitters have a negative effect

on GnRH release and pulsatility

Answer 4

GABA and NPY

(neuropeptide Y)

Question 5

This hormone has a positive effect on GnRH pulsatility

and acts oppositely to GABA and NPY

Answer 5

Kisspeptin

Question 6

The prepubertal hypothalamus is

EXTREMELY SENSITIVE to

this hormone.

Answer 6

Estradiol

Question 7

This adipocyte hormone can mediate the onset of puberty

Answer 7

Leptin

Question 8

The period from the beginning of one estrus

to the beginning of the next

(or from one ovulation to the next)

Answer 8

Estrous cycle

Question 9

What are the 3 phases of the estrous cycle?

Answer 9

Follicular phase

Luteal phase

Quiescent phase

Question 10

The ______ phase of estrous

is the proliferative phase in women

Answer 10

follicular

Question 11

The ______ phase of estrous

is the secretory phase in women

Answer 11

Luteal

Question 12

The ______ phase of estrous

implies anestrus

Answer 12

Quiescent phase

Question 13

_______ is defined by behavior

where as

diestrus is defined by _________

Answer 13

Estrus- behavior

Diestrus- hormones

Question 14

Cows and pigs are ________

meaning they keep cycling until they are bred

Answer 14

Polyestrous

Question 15

Dogs are _______

meaning they have one estrous

then a long period of quiescence

Answer 15

Monestrous

Question 16

Horses (Spring) and Sheep (Fall)

are considered _________ __________

Answer 16

seasonally polyestrous

Question 17

Cows, Horses, and Dogs are

_________ ovulators

Answer 17

spontaneous

Question 18

Cats, Rabbits, and Camelids are

_________ ovulators

Answer 18

induced

Question 19

What does it mean to be an induced ovulator?

Answer 19

The act of physical mating triggers an LH surge

Question 20

Ovulation occurs in the ______ ______ in the mare

Answer 20

ovulation fossa

Question 21

The Follicular (Proliferative) Phase of the Ovarian Cycle

is dominated by this hormone

Answer 21

Estrogen

Question 22

The Luteal (Secretory) Phase of the Ovarian Cycle

is dominated by this hormone

Answer 22

Progesterone

Question 23

Proestrus and estrus are part of the

______ phase of the ovarian cycle

Answer 23

Follicular (proliferative)

Question 24

From ovulation to CL regression is

part of the ________ phase of the ovarian cycle

Answer 24

Luteal (secretory)

Question 25

Melatonin

_________ GnRH release in short-day breeders and

_________ GnRH release in long-day breeders

Answer 25

increases GnRH release in short-day (small ruminants)

and

decreases GnRH release in long-day (horses)