Exam 1: Hormones Flashcards
Estradiol 17B is metabolized here
LIVER
This horse-specific estrogen is synthesized in large amounts
by the placenta in pregnancy and can be given PO
Equilin, equilinin
Progesterone is produced mainly by the ovary,
but specifically by the _________
corpus luteum
What is the critical function of progesterone?
Maintenance of pregnancy
5-a-dihydroprogesterone is a proestagen
that is critical for maintenance of pregnancy in
which species?
horses
The reason for demise of progesterone is the production
of _________ from the uterus
PGF2a
The dominant follicle differs from other follicles
because they have _______ receptors,
dominant follicle has LH receptors
(the others are FSH dependent)
The dominant follicle starts making more
estradiol and inhibin
which suppresses ________
so that the subordinate follicles undergo ATRESIA
FSH
What are the 3 reproductive
STEROID hormones?
Estradiol (E2)
Progesterone (P4)
Testosterone (T)
Estradiol is produced
in the ovary by __________ cells in females
and in the testis by __________ cells in males
Estradiol
granulosa cells- females
sertoli cells- males
Progesterone is produced by which 2 structures?
Corpus luteum
and
Placenta
Testosterone
is produced by the _________ cells
in the theca interna
Leydig cells
What are the 6 reproductive
GLYCOPROTEIN hormones?
Inhibin
Activin
LH
FSH
hCG
eCG
IE HALF
Inhibin, a glycoprotein hormone,
is responsible for inhibition of _______
FSH
Inhibin is produced by
the ________ cells of the ovary in females
and by
the ________ cells of the testis in males
Inhibin
granulosa cells- females
sertoli cells- males
Activin stimulates ________ secretion
FSH
Activin is produced by which 3 structures?
Granulosa cells
Sertoli cells
Placenta
This reproductive hormone is a
DECAPEPTIDE
GnRH
GnRH is produced by the
hypothalamus
GnRH controls the release of _____ and ______
FSH, LH
The target of GnRH is the _____ pituitary
anterior
(controls release of FSH and LH)
LH, produced by the anterior pituitary,
targets the ________ cells of the testis in males
and the _______ and ________ cells in females
LH, produced by the anterior pituitary,
targets the Leydig cells of the testis in males
and the theca interna and luteal cells in females
What is the action of LH in males?
stimulate testosterone production
What is the action of LH in females?
Androgen and Progesterone production
and
Ovulation
FSH targets the
________ cells of the testis in males
and the
________ cells of the ovary in females
sertoli cells
granulosa cells
What is the action of FSH in males?
Sertoli cell function and estradiol synthesis
What is the action of FSH in females?
Follicle development and estradiol synthesis
Prolactin (PRL) is a luteotrophic hormone
produced by the _______ cells
of the anterior pituitary
lactotrope
Prolactin targets which 2 structures in males?
Testis and brain
Prolactin targets these 3 things in females
Mammary cells
Corpus luteum
Brain
This hormone is an octapeptide
synthesized in the hypothalamus,
stored/secreted by the posterior pituitary,
and
synthesized in the CL
Oxytocin
This hormone acts on the epididymal tail, ductus deferens,
and ampulla to control
PGF2a synthesis and ejaculation in males
Oxytocin
This hormone acts on the
myometrium, endometrium, and mammary glands
to control uterine motility, PGF2a synthesis, and milk ejection
in females
Oxytocin
Prostaglandin F2a (PGF2a)
is a lipid hormone produced by the
________ in females
and the
________ in males
endometrium- females
accessory glands- males
What is the function of PGF2a in males?
sperm metabolism, epididymal contraction
What is the function of PGF2a in females?
Luteolysis, myometrial contraction, ovulation
This lipid hormone is a luteotrophic that controls
ovulation and embryo movement
by acting on the follicle, CL, and uterine tubes.
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)
What are the 4 sources of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)?
Ovary
Uterus
Embryo
Placenta
This glycoprotein hormone
is produced by the trophoblast (chorion)
and targets the fetal testis and ovary
hCG
(Human chorionic gonadotropin)
This glycoprotein hormone is produced by the
chorionic girdle cells (endometrial cups)
and targets the ovary to act on the accessory CL
Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG)