Exam 1: Bovine Dystocia Management Flashcards
Amniotic fluid stained green with meconium is indicative of
a calf that is stressed, hypoxic, and needs OUT
Describe proper chain placement on the legs when
pulling a calf
Loop above and
half-hitch below
the fetlock joint
Connecting chain should be on TOP of the legs
2 people pulling on a calf exerts ______ PSI
while a calf-jack can exert 2,000 PSI
400
If the calf cannot come out, stretch the vulva. If that does
not work, can do this
episiotomy
Where do you perform an episiotomy?
at 10’ or 2’o clock
NEVER perform an episiotomy at 12’oclock.
Why?
Can cause a
rectovaginal fistula
When pulling a calf,
traction on both forelimbs simultaneously often
results in
shoulder lock
How do you prevent HIP lock when pulling a calf?
Rotate the calf as the head emerges
from the vulva (because the fetal hips are the widest part)
What choices do you have if delivery with traction (pulling)
is not possible?
C-section
Fetotomy
Why is a c-section not necessarily the best option
for a calf that cannot be pulled?
Potential impact on future fertility of the cow.
Anasarca calves should always be removed
by
C-section!
NOT a candidate for fetotomy
What do you choose to remove a calf
if the uterus has contracted around it?
C-section!
NOT a candidate for fetotomy- need adequate space
The most common type of fetotomy
partial fetotomy
After fetotomy, cows should be given fluids, calcium,
and antibiotics along with
which 2 ecbolics?
Oxytocin, Lutalyse
90% of C-sections are due to which 5 reasons?
Fetal oversize- emphysematous changes
Cervical incomplete dilation or closure on dead fetus
Uterine torsion that cannot be reduced
Fetal deformity (schistosomus reflexus)
Errors of fetal PPP
What approaches are used for c-section?
Ventral midline
Paramedian
Standing flank
Recumbent flank
What drugs are used for anesthesia in bovine c-sections?
Ace + Butorphanol
______ is contraindicated for anesthesia in c-sections
Xylazine
The most common side to do a standing flank c-section
on is the _______ side
LEFT
This surgical approach gives the BEST surgical exposure
Ventral midline
This approach for c-section is best for the surgeon
and requires little restraint
Standing flank
What is the main disadvantage of the
bovine recumbent flank approach to c-section?
hard to exteriorize! working in a hole
How do you close a c-section?
What pattern do you use?
INVERTING pattern
1-2 layers
Utrecht, Cushing, or Lembert
What are the 3 goals of closure for c-sections?
Serosa to serosa apposition
Tight seal, no leaks
Minimal suture/knot exposure (bury the knots)
Why must you suture a c-section closed by the
10 MINUTE MARK?
Because oxytocin will start to contract the uterus and
pull it inside!!
What are the post op protocols for c-sections?
Stall rest
Abx- ProPenG prior to sx
Ecbolics (oxytocin, lutalyse)
Analgesia-NSAIDs
