Exam 1 part 6 Flashcards
Death per 100,000 live births
Death during pregnancy or within 42 days of pregnancy termination
Maternal mortality
directly related to the pregnancy
direct maternal mortality
not directly related to pregnancy
Ex. hypertension
indirect maternal mortality
death after 42 days
late maternal death
death before first birthday
6.1 per 100o live births
neonatal mortality
born before 32 weeks
very preterm
born 32-33 weeks
moderately preterm
born 34-37 weeks
late preterm
normal birth weight
2501-3999
low birth weight
1500-2500
very low birth weight
less than 1500
high birth weight
4000
when is it considered preterm
more than 20 weeks but less than 37 weeks
preterm births are due to
40 due to spontaneous PTL
40 due to PROM
what percent does preterm birth account for neonatal deaths
50-70
preterm and LBW occur in which ethnicity the most
african american
Symptoms of PTL
uterine contractions Menstrual like cramps Constant backache Pelvic pressure Increased vaginal discharge Blood stained vaginal discharge
a test used to determine if a women will go into preterm labor
Fibronectin
when can the fribronectin be done
22-35 weeks
Before digital vaginal examination
low implantation
placenta previa
what is used for uterine irritability
progesterone
home management for PTL
tocolytics
Uterine monitoring
Activity restriction
initial steps of giving tocolysis
IV hydration
rest
Subcutaneous terbutaline
when can steroids be used
26-34 weeks
Bethamethason dosage
12 mg IM Q24 X 2 dose
Dexamethason
6mg IM Q12 X4
premature dilation of cervix
usually occurs about 4-5 months
History of repeated painless abortions
incompetent cervix
Incidence of incompetent cervix
0.1-1
treatment used for incompetent cervix
Trendelenburg
Cerclage
Spontaneous rupture of the membranes prior to the onset of labor
PROM
Causes of PROM
Infection
Polyhydramnios or twins
Trauma
Multiple gestations
Incidence of PROM
3-18%
Inflammation of fetal membranes
Usually caused by infection
Chrioamnionitis
S/S of chorioamnionitis
Maternal and fetal tachycardia
Fever
Uterine and abdominal tenderness
Purulent vaginal secretion
Symtoms of cystitis
Dysuria
Urgency and frequency
Low grade fever
Hematuria
Symptoms of pyelonephritis
Chills Fever Flank pain N and V sign of lower UTI
hormones related to heartburn
Progesterone and relaxin
Increased blood pressure accompanied by proteinuria
BP >140/90
urine protein > 300 in 24 hour specimen
Preeclampsia
The occurrence of seizures that cannot be attributed to other causes in a women with preeclampsia
eclampsia
HELLP syndrome
Hemolysis
Elevated liver enzymes
Low platelets
demonstrates the path changes of preeclampsia but in the absence of hypertension and proteinuria
HELLP syndrome
Premature separation of the normally implanted placenta from the uterine wall
Abruptio Placentae
Separation begins at the edge o placenta
Vaginal bleeding present
Marginal abruptio placentae
separation occurs centrally and blood trapped between placenta and uterine wall
Concealed or occult hemorrhage
Central abruptio placentae
massive vaginal bleeding evident from vaginal tone with placenta separation
complete abruptio placentae
invasion of trophoblast beyond the dicidua
accreta
invasion onto myometrium
increta
into uterine muscular and adhere to other organs
percreta
Implantation of the fertilized ovum in any location other than the uterine cavity
Ectopic pregnancy
The chorine villi, instead of forming into a placenta, degenerated into edematous, cystic vesicles that hand in grape like clusters
Hydatidiform Mole
A single or two sperm combining with ova which has lost DNA which replicated through mitosis
No sign of embryonic or fetal development is present
Risk of choriocarcinoma
Complete mole
Occurs when an egg is fertilized by two sperm or by one sperm which reduplicates itself yielding the genotype 69 or 92
Embryonic/fetal development may be seen but the fetus is always malformed and is never viable
Parial mole
