Exam #1 chapters 1-7

Question 1

the process of arranging organisms into groups based on similarities is called

Answer 1

taxonomy

Question 2

the swedish naturalist that devised a simple, practical method of scientific classification

Answer 2

linnaeus

Question 3

the largest division

Answer 3

kingdom

Question 4

the two different kinds of largest kingdom

Answer 4

plantae and animalia

Question 5

the highest division that is larger than kingdom

Answer 5

domain

Question 6

group of very similar organisms that can interbreed freely in nature; lowest of the seven main levels of the Linnaean classification system

Answer 6

species

Question 7

group of similar organisms that are all descended from a single group of originally created organisms

Answer 7

kind

Question 8

system of assigning scientific names to organisms by using two words (genus and species) for each scientific name

Answer 8

binomial nomenclature

Question 9

organism that does not have a membrane-bound nucleus

Answer 9

prokaryotes

Question 10

organism that has a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles

Answer 10

eukaryote

Question 11

Has no walls of an ovary.
plant that does not produce flowers but does produce seeds

Answer 11

gymnosperm

Question 12

cones that produce sperm cells

Answer 12

staminate cones

Question 13

cones that produce egg cells

Answer 13

ovulate cones

Question 14

the largest living thing

Answer 14

coast redwood

Question 15

palm-like tropical gymnosperm

Answer 15

cycads

Question 16

unique oriental gymnosperm with fan-shaped leaves

Answer 16

ginkgo

Question 17

life cycle, found in ferns, mosses, and some other plants, that involves both asexual and sexual reproduction in every other generation

Answer 17

alternation of generations

Question 18

moss-like plants

Answer 18

bryophyte

Question 19

what mosses use instead of roots.
hair-like thread that acts as a bryophyte “root”

Answer 19

rhizoids

Question 20

decaying peat moss.

compressed accumulation of various partially decayed plant materials that collect in swamps and marshes

Answer 20

peat

Question 21

the smallest of the green chlorophyll organisms

Answer 21

algae

Question 22

collective term for microorganisms that float near the surface of the water and provide food for larger organisms

Answer 22

plankton

Question 23

the largest group of the algae

Answer 23

green algae

Question 24

any of a group of yellow algae characterized by rigid cell walls composed of silica

Answer 24

Diatoms

Question 25

the largest of the brown algae

Answer 25

kelp

Question 26

produces the *red tide*

Answer 26

Dinoflagellates

Question 27

what are nonvascular plant-­like organisms that lack chlorophyll and depend upon other organisms for food

Answer 27

fungi

Question 28

what feeds on dead organisms

Answer 28

saprophytes

Question 29

lives inside another organism and feeds off of it

Answer 29

parasites

Question 30

lives in bread and cheese

Answer 30

mold

Question 31

the fungi makes bread rise

Answer 31

yeast

Question 32

two different kinds of organisms living together for mutual benefit

Answer 32

symbiosis

Question 33

what cavity holds the heart and lungs aka the chest cavity

Answer 33

thoracic cavity

Question 34

what cavity holds the stomach and organs

Answer 34

abdominopelvic cavity

Question 35

what system is the body's defence against other foreign invaders

Answer 35

immune system

Question 36

what is the system that protects the body from its surroundings, providing protection from bacteria and other microbes, or the skin

Answer 36

integumentary system

Question 37

what is the system that gives support and rigidity to the body while they protect vital organs and produce blood cells

Answer 37

skeletal system

Question 38

what is the system that is responsible for the continuation of the human race

Answer 38

reproductive system

Question 39

what is the stable internal environment for the body

Answer 39

homeostasis

Question 40

connects parts of the body

Answer 40

connective tissue

Question 41

line all body parts,and they cover and protect every organ, regulate temperature, and regulate what enters and exits the organs

Answer 41

Epithelial tissue

Question 42

the nonliving material that surround cells

Answer 42

matrix

Question 43

what evolutionists call a purposeless, or useless organ

Answer 43

vestigial

Question 44

soft spots on the top and back of an infant’s head

Answer 44

Fontanels

Question 45

Within a year or two, the fontanels disappear completely, and the cranial bones are joined tightly together at uneven lines known as

Answer 45

sutures

Question 46

the U shaped bone in the neck

Answer 46

Hyoid

Question 47

Things you need to know on a diagram.

Answer 47

sternum, clavicle, Humorous, Femur, tibia, fibula, Radius, Ulna, and phalanges.

Question 48

scoliosis

Answer 48

the crooked spine

Question 49

that is the tail bone

Answer 49

coccyx

Question 50

the skeletal system the consists of the head, spine , ribs, and the tail bone

Answer 50

axial skeleton

Question 51

the skeletal system that consists of arms, legs, ankles, wrists, feet, hands , fingers, toes, and all the other things that hang off of the main body.

Answer 51

Appendicular skeleton

Question 52

what is the larges and strongest bone

Answer 52

femur

Question 53

what connects bone to bone

Answer 53

ligaments

Question 54

what is the ankle bone called

Answer 54

Talus

Question 55

what is the heel bone called

Answer 55

calcaneus

Question 56

what is a bone that is longer than wide

Answer 56

long bone

Question 57

what type of bone is the rib

Answer 57

a flat bone

Question 58

what is the long shaft of the bone called

Answer 58

diaphysis

Question 59

what are the ends of the bones called

Answer 59

epiphysis

Question 60

what is inside of the bone that creates blood cells

Answer 60

red marrow

Question 61

The hardness of bone is caused by microscopic crystals of a mineral substance called...

Answer 61

Hydroxyapatite

Question 62

what is it called when the bone adjusts its shape to the constant physical stress that is pressing upon it.

Answer 62

wolff's law

Question 63

what is it called when the cartilage is replaced with bone

Answer 63

ossification

Question 64

what is the study of living things called?

Answer 64

Biology

Question 65

what are flowering seed plants called?

Answer 65

angiosperms

Question 66

in which the main root grows straight down and remains larger than the secondary roots that branch off from it.

Answer 66

taproot

Question 67

what herbaceous plant has a square stem

Answer 67

the mint plant

Question 68

many separate flowers referred to as a head

Answer 68

composite plant

Question 69

grow for one year

Answer 69

annuals

Question 70

the family with the open five petal design

Answer 70

the rose family

Question 71

legumes

Answer 71

the pea family

Question 72

consists of the three most common poisonous plants

Answer 72

cashew family

Question 73

symbol of the american south

Answer 73

magnolia

Question 74

fruit of the maple tree

Answer 74

samara

Question 75

tree with the paper-like bark

Answer 75

birch

Question 76

fruit of the grass family

Answer 76

grains

Question 77

special leaf that looks like a flower petal

Answer 77

bracts

Question 78

the plant system that grows above ground.

Answer 78

shoot system

Question 79

holds growing leaves and stems

Answer 79

bud

Question 80

the three leaf arrangements that you need to be able to identify

Answer 80

rosette, alternate, opposite

Question 81

the two types of vascular tissue

Answer 81

xylem and phloem

Question 82

organisms that create their own food

Answer 82

autotrophs

Question 83

sugar that is produces by photosynthesis

Answer 83

glucose

Question 84

what part of the flower is the ovary attached to or is upon

Answer 84

pistil

Question 85

what is it called when pollen is transferred from one plant to another

Answer 85

pollination

Question 86

a sweet-tasting watery liquid produced by plants

Answer 86

nectar

Question 87

what is it called then pollen is transferred from the stamen to the ovary

Answer 87

fertilization

Question 88

what are the reproductive cells called

Answer 88

gametes

Question 89

what is it called when the ovary is turning into a fruit

Answer 89

ripening

Question 90

fleshy and juicy throughout

Answer 90

berry

Question 91

outer fleshy layer and an inner woody layer, called the stone, that surrounds the seed

Answer 91

drupes

Question 92

small dry seeds with one or more wing-like structures attached to them

Answer 92

samara

Question 93

Simple dry fruits consisting of a seed enclosed in a hard covering, or shell

Answer 93

nuts

Question 94

simple fruits consisting of a seed and a shell

Answer 94

achenes

Question 95

simple fruits that consist of a pod enclosing several seeds

Answer 95

legumes

Question 96

Simple fruits with an outer fleshy layer and an inner papery core

Answer 96

pomes

Question 97

fruits of the grass family are called

Answer 97

grains

Question 98

the part of the seed that grows under ground

Answer 98

radicles

Question 99

a period of no growth

Answer 99

dormancy

Question 100

man who invented many ways to use the peanut and potatoes

Answer 100

george washington carver

Question 101

growth in length

Answer 101

primary growth

Question 102

growth in width

Answer 102

secondary growth

Question 103

are considerably larger than tracheids

Answer 103

vessels

Question 104

older, inner wood, known as

Answer 104

heartwood

Question 105

the outer covering to a herbaceous monocot

Answer 105

rhind

Question 106

the growth response of a plant

Answer 106

trophism

Question 107

onion

Answer 107

bulb

Question 108

moss roots

Answer 108

rhizoids

Question 109

the thin stem that is along the surface of the ground

Answer 109

stolon

Question 110

the protective special stem

Answer 110

thorn

Question 111

the root that has little to no branching

Answer 111

taproot

Question 112

the end of a taproot

Answer 112

root cap

Question 113

one-way diffusion through a semipermeable membrane

Answer 113

osmosis