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biology > Biology test 2 > Flashcards

Biology test 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the primary function of a flower?

A

Reproduction

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2
Q

What part of a flower creates pollen

A

stamen

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3
Q

What is the swollen base of the flower

A

Ovary

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4
Q

What is a flower that has all four basic parts

A

complete flower

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5
Q

What is on top of the stamen

A

Anther

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6
Q

female, flowers lack stamens and bear only pistils

A

pistillate

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7
Q

Flowers that lack pistils and bear only stamens or male flowers are called

A

staminate

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8
Q

plants produce staminate and pistillate flowers, but the two types of flowers are borne by separate plants

A

Diceous

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9
Q

any plant on which both staminate and pistillate flowers are produced in the same plant

A

monecious

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10
Q

what is the main factor affecting a flower

A

length of daylight and night

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11
Q

what are two other things that effect a plants flowering time

A

temperature and soil fertility

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12
Q

what is a fully ripened ovary

A

fruit

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13
Q

what is the transfer of pollen called

A

pollination

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14
Q

what is the sweet tasting watery liquid a plant creates

A

nectar

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15
Q

what is the process of which the sperm cell unites with the egg cell

A

fertilization

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16
Q

what are the reproductive cells called?

A

Gametes

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17
Q

what is the reproduction system called when gametes are involved?

A

sexual reproduction

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18
Q

what is it called when the ovary is in the process if becoming a fully ripened fruit

A

ripening

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19
Q

fruits that form from one flower that has only one pistil.

A

simple fruits

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20
Q

a fruit that forms from one flower that has several PISTILS

A

aggregate

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21
Q

fruits that form from several flowers

A

multiple fruits

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22
Q

Simple fruits with an outer fleshy layer and
an inner papery core

A

pomes

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23
Q

simple fruits that consist of a
pod enclosing several seeds

A

legumes

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24
Q

consist of
fleshy layers of ovary
small dry seeds with one or more wing-like structures attached to them

A

samara

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25
Q

list a multiple fruit

A

pineapple

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26
Q

outer fleshy layer and an inner woody layer,

A

drupe

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27
Q

simple fruits consisting of a
seed and a shell

A

achens

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28
Q

provides a protective covering for the seed

A

seed coat

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29
Q

will develop into the root system of the plant

A

radicle

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30
Q

tiny shoot that will develop into the stem and leaves of the plant

A

plumel

31
Q

one of the many raised pores in the stem of a woody plant

A

lenticels

32
Q

what is the growth in length

A

primary growth

33
Q

example of a stolon plant

A

strawberry

34
Q

what is wood made out of

A

xylem

35
Q

what is the layer between xylem and phloem

A

vascular cambium

36
Q

the stem grows older, the epidermis is replaced by a stronger protective tissue whose most noticeable part is the

A

cork

37
Q

long, narrow, rod-shaped cells that often have tapered ends

A

tracheids

38
Q

cone bearing trees

A

conifers

39
Q

short, wide, often barrel-shaped cells joined end to end like concrete pipes

A

vestles

40
Q

what is the center of a young branch

A

pith

41
Q

old xylem tubes gradually become clogged with debris and waste products from the tree’s living cells. When xylem tubes become clogged, they are sealed off and no longer conduct sap from the roots to the leaves. This older, inner wood, known as:

A

heartwood

42
Q

younger xylem (that farthest from the center of the tree) conducts water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. This younger, functioning xylem tissue is called

A

sapwood

43
Q

what are the rings in a tree called

A

annual growth rings

44
Q

The outer covering of a monocot stem is called

A

rind

45
Q

what is the material inside the rind that makes it sturdy

A

silica

46
Q

reproduction without the union of sex cells, requir-ing only mitotic cell divisions

A

asexual reproduction

47
Q

(possible essay) List all the kinds of vegetative propagation

A

cutting
layering
tissue culturing
budding
and grafting

48
Q

frequent method of ________ involves fastening a container of soil around the nodes of a stem to induce the stem to develop roots

A

layering

49
Q

a piece of a stem or root
that can grow into a new plant

A

cutting

50
Q

what is a kind vegetative propagation is in which the
obiscion is a bud.

A

budding

51
Q

what is the process of transplanting
living tissue from one plant to another. This method of propagation allows growing two kinds of apples or other fruit on the same tree or growing a more desirable fruit on a tree that is already growing

A

grafting

52
Q

what is the growth response of a plant

A

trophism

53
Q

growing towards light

A

phototropism

54
Q

growing towards touch

A

thigmotropism

55
Q

plants responding to gravity

A

geotropism

56
Q

what are any chemical messengers in a plant

A

hormones

57
Q

what causes the stem or shoot of the plant to grow faster on one side than the other, making the shoot as a whole slowly bend

A

Auxins

58
Q

what is the hormone that causes the dormancy of a plant

A

ABA/abscisic acid

59
Q

The hormone that signals leaf abscission when a tree prepares for winter

A

Ethylene

60
Q

the is the special stem of an onion?

A

bulb

61
Q

Thick stems that grow horizontally under
the ground providing food storage and a means of vegetative reproduction

A

Rhyzomes

62
Q

the aboveground special stem the runs horizontally across the dirt

A

stolon

63
Q

what is the potato plant thing called

A

tuber

64
Q

that is the special stem that is used as a defence mechanism against outside forces

A

thorns

65
Q

a root with tiny fingerlike projections off the base of it

A

taproot

66
Q

have no main section but spread out with very thin roots, forming a tangled mass in shallow soil

A

fibrous roots

67
Q

what are the finger-like projections on a root

A

root-hairs

68
Q

The region closest to the end is called the

in the taproot

A

meristematic region

69
Q

What is at the tip of the root, providing a covering, which consists of several layers of tough cells protecting the tender root tip as it pushes its way through the soil?

A

root cap

70
Q

The process of mixing molecules of one substance through another by random molecular motion

A

defusion

71
Q

The one-way diffusion through a semipermeable membrane

A

osmosis

72
Q

what is the upward flow of water and minerals through xylem tubes called

A

sap streams

73
Q

list all of the parts to a flower

A

pedical, receptacle, sepal, ovary, ovules, petal, pistil, stamen, anther, filliament, stigma, and style.

74
Q

name all the parts to a dormant woody branch

A

terminal bud, bud scales, bud scale scars, lateral bud, internode, node, lenticels, leaf scar, and bundle scars

biology (9 decks)

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