7.4-8.5 test review Flashcards
places where bones join together
joints
the joints in the fingers
ellipoid
the most freely movable joints
ball and socket joints
the joint in one plane of movement
hinge joints
inflamed joint disease
arthritis
over stressed muscles
sprain
no conscious control over muscles
involuntary muscles
the muscles in the heart
cardiac muscles
the involuntary muscles fibers
skeletal muscles
the voluntary muscle fibers
smoothe fibers
the cheek muscles
Masseter
the muscle that helps you shrug
trapezoius
the muscle that bends the arm
Biceps Brachii
the muscle that helps extend the arm
tricep brachii
the muscle that sits you up from a reclining position
rectus abdominus
the largest and strongest muscle in the body
gluteus maximus
the muscle that helps extend the leg
quadriceps femoris
the muscles the help bend the leg
hamstrings
the largest calf muscle
gastronemus
the translucent sheath over muscles
facia
A motor neuron and the group of muscle cells it controls
motor unit
makes the muscle larger when used
Hypertrophy
makes the muscle smaller from lack of use
Atrophy
the slow twitch
red fibers
the fast twitch
white fibers
includes the brain and the spinal cord, which are both encased in bone for protection
central nervous system
the principal organ of the nervous system
brain
the three layer protection of the brain
Meninges
supports and insulates the nerve tissue
glial cells
nerve cells
neutrons
found within the brain and spinal cord consists largely of cell bodies of neutrons
gray matter
the _____ of the brain and spinal cord on the other hand is composed of axons and glial cells
white matter
tightly sealed capillary walls
blood brain barrier
infection of the meninges
meningitis
a serious disease that attacks the spinal cord
poliomyelitis /or/ polio
part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the heart and the other internal organs
autonomic nervous system
what cells barely reproduce
netrons
disease of the brain and spinal cord
Multiple sclerosis /or/ M.S.
the inability of muscles to move
paralysis
an inclosed junction between two neutrons or a neutron and another cell
synapse
disease of the nervous system that affects the patients control of posture and movement is characterized by tremors and stiffness of the limbs
parkinson’s disease
what is the simplest action of the nervous system
reflex
largest part of the brain and is the physical organ that helps you in the areas of consciousness, memory, voluntary actions, thinking, and intelligence
cerebrum
controls the right side of your body
left hemisphere
controls the left side of you body
right hemisphere
what communicates between the left and right brain
Corpus callosum
what controls the skeleton
motor area
Damage to the cerebral motor area before or shortly after birth is known as
cerebral palsy
what controls complex muscle cordination
cerebellum
what is the Medulla oblongata part of
the brain stem
what controls the physical effects of emotion
hypothalmus
trauma and environmental state affect persons though process and physical actions
behaviorism
most common serious injury of the nervous system
stroke
prolonged loss of consciousness
coma
the five special senses
sight, hearing, taste ,smell, and ballance
a bare dendrite that reacts to a certain type of strong stimulus
pain receptors
responds to temperature changes
thermoreceptors
organs that taste
tastebuds
the nerve that connects the nose to the brain
olfactory
nerve connecting the hair-like nerve cells of the cochlea to the brain
auditory nerve
the change of voice to us and other people
bone conduction
tough outer layer of the eye; the white of the eye
sclera
the eye to brain nerve
optic nerve
innermost layer of the eye, most delicate and most important
retna
produces clearest vision. small depression on the retina
fovea
only see black and white
rods
see color
cones
focusing problem in which the light rays entering the eye are bent incorrectly, usually caused by an incorrectly curved cornea
astigmatism
condition in which the pres-sure of the fluid inside the eye becomes much higher than normal, causing permanent damage to the optic nerve
glaucoma
cant see color
color blind
