chapter 9-10 test Flashcards
what are the chemical processes of life?
metabolism
what are the measurements of food
calories
the most important energy-producing compounds in the cell, provide most of the energy for living things
carbohydrates
what builds proteins
amino acids
insolubility in water
lipids
what is the energy carrier of the cells
atp
what are organic micro nutrients?
vitamins
what are not organic micronutrients
minerals
what is the changing of food
digestion
large protein molecule that is a catalyst to carry out chemical reactions
enzymes
the crushing of food
teeth
what is the scientific term for chewing called
mastication
what is the scientific term for the throat called
pharynx
what is the most common disease in man
cavity
the muscle waves that push food through the alimentary canal
peristalsis
the flap of flesh in the throat to block off the air way so you can swallow food
epiglottis
the j shaped organ
stomach
what produces bile
liver
what stores bile
gallbladder
the primary organ that absorbs
small intestine
what does the most chemical digestion
duodenum
third and longest section of the small intestine
ilium
the hair like projections
villi
what is it called when food gets into the blood
absorption
the hormone that removes glucose
insulin
what is filtered through the kidney
urea
name the four types of food poisioning
typhoid fever
salmonellosis
botulism
staphylococcus
what is it called when the large intestine does not absorb enough water
diarrhea
what is a painful colon infection
disentery
easy to kill cancer if it is caught early enough
colon cancer
what does the blood mostly consist of
plasma
what is low blood pressure called
circulatory shock
what are red blood cells called
erythrocytes
iron-containing blood protein, found in red blood cells, that carries oxygen in the blood
hemoglobin
little oxygen to the body through the blood
anemia
where is the blood produced
red bone marrow
where are the excess blood cells stored
spleen
what is the blood version on the immune system
white blood cells
patches holes in the blood vescles
platelets
the inability of blood to clot
hemophilia
universal doners
O negative
universal recipient
AB positive
what is the worlds most efficient pump
heart
what is the hard thing that in cases the heart
pericardium
what are the upper chambers of the heart
atria
what is the pacemaker of the heart
SA node
what is the contracting/pumping faze of the heart
systole
what is the relaxing of the heart
diastole
what is the abnormal heart sound
heart murmer
what is the thick wall of blood vessels
arteries
what bring the blood back to the heart
veins
what is the oxygen transports to the cells
capillaries
provides good oxygenated blood to the rest of the body and not the heart
systemic circulation
the body’s largest artery, from which all other systemic arteries branch
aorta
portion of systemic circulation in which blood flows to the heart muscle and back to the right atrium
coronary circulation
circulation through the kidney
renal circulation
what is high blood pressure called
hypertension
the rhythmic blood thing
pulse
the alcohol disease in the liver
cirrhosis
the main cause of death in america
cardiovascular disease
the primary respiratory organ
lungs
the air pipe from the nose to the lungs (its in your throat)
trachea
the sac like sturctures
alveoli
what is it called when you have fluid in the lungs
pnemonia
the voice box
larynx
maximum amount of air in the lungs
vital capasity
thick sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
diaphragm
the regular amount of air in your lungs
tidal volume
most common respiratory disease, caused by any of over a hundred different types of viruses
common cold
the hereditary disease where there is mucus in the lungs
cystic fibrosis (C-F)
the disease that you get when you smoke
lung cancer
