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biology > chapter 9-10 test > Flashcards

chapter 9-10 test Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the chemical processes of life?

A

metabolism

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2
Q

what are the measurements of food

A

calories

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3
Q

the most important energy-producing compounds in the cell, provide most of the energy for living things

A

carbohydrates

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4
Q

what builds proteins

A

amino acids

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5
Q

insolubility in water

A

lipids

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6
Q

what is the energy carrier of the cells

A

atp

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7
Q

what are organic micro nutrients?

A

vitamins

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8
Q

what are not organic micronutrients

A

minerals

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9
Q

what is the changing of food

A

digestion

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10
Q

large protein molecule that is a catalyst to carry out chemical reactions

A

enzymes

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11
Q

the crushing of food

A

teeth

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12
Q

what is the scientific term for chewing called

A

mastication

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13
Q

what is the scientific term for the throat called

A

pharynx

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14
Q

what is the most common disease in man

A

cavity

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15
Q

the muscle waves that push food through the alimentary canal

A

peristalsis

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16
Q

the flap of flesh in the throat to block off the air way so you can swallow food

A

epiglottis

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17
Q

the j shaped organ

A

stomach

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18
Q

what produces bile

A

liver

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19
Q

what stores bile

A

gallbladder

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20
Q

the primary organ that absorbs

A

small intestine

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21
Q

what does the most chemical digestion

A

duodenum

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22
Q

third and longest section of the small intestine

A

ilium

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23
Q

the hair like projections

A

villi

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24
Q

what is it called when food gets into the blood

A

absorption

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25
Q

the hormone that removes glucose

A

insulin

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26
Q

what is filtered through the kidney

A

urea

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27
Q

name the four types of food poisioning

A

typhoid fever
salmonellosis
botulism
staphylococcus

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28
Q

what is it called when the large intestine does not absorb enough water

A

diarrhea

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29
Q

what is a painful colon infection

A

disentery

30
Q

easy to kill cancer if it is caught early enough

A

colon cancer

31
Q

what does the blood mostly consist of

A

plasma

32
Q

what is low blood pressure called

A

circulatory shock

33
Q

what are red blood cells called

A

erythrocytes

34
Q

iron-containing blood protein, found in red blood cells, that carries oxygen in the blood

A

hemoglobin

35
Q

little oxygen to the body through the blood

A

anemia

36
Q

where is the blood produced

A

red bone marrow

37
Q

where are the excess blood cells stored

A

spleen

38
Q

what is the blood version on the immune system

A

white blood cells

39
Q

patches holes in the blood vescles

A

platelets

40
Q

the inability of blood to clot

A

hemophilia

41
Q

universal doners

A

O negative

42
Q

universal recipient

A

AB positive

43
Q

what is the worlds most efficient pump

A

heart

44
Q

what is the hard thing that in cases the heart

A

pericardium

45
Q

what are the upper chambers of the heart

A

atria

46
Q

what is the pacemaker of the heart

A

SA node

47
Q

what is the contracting/pumping faze of the heart

A

systole

48
Q

what is the relaxing of the heart

A

diastole

49
Q

what is the abnormal heart sound

A

heart murmer

50
Q

what is the thick wall of blood vessels

A

arteries

51
Q

what bring the blood back to the heart

A

veins

52
Q

what is the oxygen transports to the cells

A

capillaries

53
Q

provides good oxygenated blood to the rest of the body and not the heart

A

systemic circulation

54
Q

the body’s largest artery, from which all other systemic arteries branch

A

aorta

55
Q

portion of systemic circulation in which blood flows to the heart muscle and back to the right atrium

A

coronary circulation

56
Q

circulation through the kidney

A

renal circulation

57
Q

what is high blood pressure called

A

hypertension

58
Q

the rhythmic blood thing

A

pulse

59
Q

the alcohol disease in the liver

A

cirrhosis

60
Q

the main cause of death in america

A

cardiovascular disease

61
Q

the primary respiratory organ

A

lungs

62
Q

the air pipe from the nose to the lungs (its in your throat)

A

trachea

63
Q

the sac like sturctures

A

alveoli

64
Q

what is it called when you have fluid in the lungs

A

pnemonia

65
Q

the voice box

A

larynx

66
Q

maximum amount of air in the lungs

A

vital capasity

67
Q

thick sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

A

diaphragm

68
Q

the regular amount of air in your lungs

A

tidal volume

69
Q

most common respiratory disease, caused by any of over a hundred different types of viruses

A

common cold

70
Q

the hereditary disease where there is mucus in the lungs

A

cystic fibrosis (C-F)

71
Q

the disease that you get when you smoke

A

lung cancer

biology (13 decks)

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