EX1; Radiation Safety and Protection Flashcards
How much do medical exposures account for the population dose of radiation
approximately half
What is the primary driver for medical exposure radiation
CT scans
What can dental providers do to optimize our image receptors to reduce patient dose
film speed
digital image receptors
Which shape of X-ray film is better, rectangular or round
rectangular, the emit the least amount of background radiation
How much can digital imaging system reduce the radiation dose
50-70%
This optimizes the shape of the field of view to minimize exposure to healthy tissues
rectangular collimation
This shape of collimation is about 50% bigger than a size 2 film
round
This shape of collimation requires the best technique
rectangular (since its smaller)
Why is a longer collimation device ideal
less divergence of the cone
This should be used to minimize any unnecessary radiation; specifically scattered radiation
leaded apron (although there is no lead in it)
What can be used to hold the image receptor
positioning devices
What makes a positioning device ideal regarding an image receptor
ease of use
stability
reduces radiation exposure
Who could be the only person to hold the image receptor
the patient’s guardian
What is the main thing to ensure when using the tube head
it should be stable unassisted
Where is leakage radiation most likely to be found
around the X-ray tube
What are some leakage exposure for panoramic and intraorals
panoramic; 25 mrad/hr at 1 m
intraoral; 10 mrad/hr and 1 m
True or False
Portable X-ray units are legal in ohio, but not all states
True; must use special safety procedures
How is protection of office staff and dose reduction of personnel performing X-ray procedures accomplished
proper facility design
A primary protective barrier of radiation absorbing material is used to reduce radiation exposure of what
primary or unstable beam of radiation
A secondary protective barrier of radiation absorbing material is used to reduce radiation exposure of what
secondary or leakage radiation
If there is no barrier, then where should the operator go
should leave the room or stand at least 6 feet away; 90º to 135º to central ray
(inverse square law)
This is to ensure that the dentist, auxiliary personnel, and other people in the vicinity of dental office are not exposed to radiation exceeding certain limits
structural shielding design
True or False
conventional building materials may provide adequate radiation shielding for dental radiographic equipment
True
What can be used to accomplish monitoring personnel for radiation exposure
film badges
TLD chips
OSL dosimeters
commercial services; NVLAP*
This is a passive measure of assurance that radiation exposures of staff are low
the use of radiation badges
What 3 main things must active radiation protection take the lead role
technique
engineering controls
procedures
In what special circumstances should the operator, etc. be aware of
pregnancy
