Ex Phys Chapter 3

Question 1

Which system Regulates all functions within the human body

Answer 1

Nervous system

Question 2

Wiring through whole body: impulse sent to & received from all tissues of the body is which system

Answer 2

nervous system

Question 3

The _____

• Integrates incoming information
• Selects an appropriate response
• Signals the involved organ and tissues to take appropriate action

Answer 3

Brain (central computer)

Question 4

The nervous system is in charge of

Answer 4

Communication, coordination, interaction of tissues and systems in the body

Question 5

The more divisions of the nervous system are

Answer 5

Central Nervous system, peripheral nervous system

Question 6

The central nervous system is made up of the: _____ & ____

Answer 6

brain and spinal cord

Question 7

The peripheral nervous system consists of _____ and _____

Answer 7

Sensory (afferent)

Motor (efferent/effector)

Question 8

Sensory (afferent) is in charge of ____ signals

Answer 8

incoming

Question 9

the motor (efferent/effector) is in charge of _____ signals

Answer 9

outgoing

Question 10

The motor neurons are broken up into the sections ____ and _____

Answer 10

Somatic & autonomic

Question 11

characteristics of Somatic neurons are they’re _____ and connected to _______ muscles

Answer 11

voluntary & skeletal muscles

Question 12

Characteristics of Autonomic neurons are they’re ____ and connected to ______

Answer 12

involuntary, and connected to visceral organs

Question 13

Basic structural unit of nervous system

Answer 13

neuron

Question 14

Has same basic structure everywhere in body

Answer 14

neuron

Question 15

Has three major regions
Cell body (soma)
Dendrites
Axon

Answer 15

Neuron

Question 16

• Contains nucleus

- Cell processes radiate out: dendrites & axon

Answer 16

neuron cell body

Question 17

_____ receives cell processes and carry impulse toward cell body

Answer 17

dendrites

Question 18

• Sender cell process, starts at axon hillock

- End branches, axon terminals, neurotransmitters

Answer 18

Axon

Question 19

The function of the nervous system:

• Electrical signal for communication between _____ and _____
• Must be generated by a _____
• Must be propagated down an ____
• Must be transmitted to next ____in line

Answer 19

• periphery and brain
• stimulus
• Axon
• cell

Question 20

_____ are referred to as excitable tissues: responding to stimuli, converting it to an electrical signal (nerve impulse)

Answer 20

Neurons

Question 21

resting membrane potential is the

Answer 21

Difference in electrical charges between outside and inside of cell

Question 22

depolarization occurs

Answer 22

when inside of the cell becomes less negative -70 mV -> 0 Mv

Question 23

During depolarization the inside of neurons become less negative when more ___ channels open up, and ___ enters cell

Answer 23

Na+ & Na+

Question 24

______occurs when inside of cell becomes more negative. –70 mV → −90 mV

Answer 24

Hyperpolarization

Question 25

During hyperp;arization More ___ channels open, __ leaves cell

Answer 25

K+ & K+

Question 26

Depolarization and hyper polarization contribute to nervous system function via _____ potentials & _____ potentials

Answer 26

graded potentials and action potentials

Question 27

Graded potential helps body decide whether to pass signal to ____ and excite or inhibit a _____

Answer 27

axon, neuron

Question 28

action potential passed signal down _____ and is only excitatory

Answer 28

axon

Question 29

action potential begins as

Answer 29

graded potential

Question 30

if graded potential reaches -_____ mv action potential will occur

Answer 30

-55

Question 31

Threshold mV not reached = no action potential is part of the ____ or ______ principle

Answer 31

all or nothing principle

Question 32

this period of action potential occurs during depolarization, the neuron is currently unable to respond to another stimulus, and Na+ channels are already open and can’t open more.

Answer 32

Absolute refractory period

Question 33

This period of action potential occurs during the depolarization stage. Neurons respond only to very strong stimulus during this period. K+ channels open and (Na+ channels are closed, and could open again)

Answer 33

relative refractory period

Question 34

___ speeds up propagation

Answer 34

myelin

Question 35

Fatty sheath around axon

Answer 35

(Schwann cells)

Question 36

when the axon diameter is larger, it’s ____

Answer 36

faster

Question 37

the junction of gap between neurons is the site of ____ to ___ communication

Answer 37

neuron to neuron

Question 38

Action potential potential can only move in one ____

Answer 38

direction

Question 39

Axon terminals contain

Answer 39

neurotransmitters

Question 40

the two major categories of Neurotransmitters are

• Small molecule, _____ acting
• Large molecule neuropeptides, slow acting

Answer 40

rapid, slow

Question 41

ACh stimulates _____ muscle contraction, mediates parasympathetic nervous system effects

Answer 41

skeletal