Ethanol metabolism

Question 1

What blocks alcohol DH

Answer 1

Fomepizole

antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol overdose

Question 2

What blocks acetylaldehyde dehydrogenase

Answer 2

Disulfiram

• increases acetaldehyde
• incresae hangover symptoms
• discourages drinking

Question 3

Alcohol DH operates via what order kinetics

Answer 3

zero order

Question 4

What is the limiting agent in alcohol metabolism

Answer 4

NAD+

Question 5

What increases in ethanol metabolism

Answer 5

NADH/NAD+ ratio in liver

Question 6

Increase in NADH/NAD+ ratio causes

Answer 6

1. lactic acidosis, increase pyruvate conversation to lactate
2. fasting hypoglycemia, decrease gluconeogenesis
3. Ketoacidosis, diversion of acetyl-CoA into ketogenesis rather than TCA
4. hepatosteatosis, increase conversion DHAP to glycerol-3-P

Question 7

Why does increase NADH/NAD+ ratio cuase fasting hypoglycemia

Answer 7

decrease gluconeogenesis

• d/t increase in OAA –> malate

Question 8

Increased hepatosteatosis in ethanol metabolism is d/t

Answer 8

1. increased conversion DHAP to glycerol-3-P
2. acetyl-CoA diverges into FA synthesis
3. FA combines with glycerol-3-P to synthesize TG

Question 9

Increase in NADH/NAD+ ratio disfavors

Answer 9

TCA cycle

• increased acetyl-CoA used in ketogenesis (ketoacidosis)
• increased acetyl-CoA used in lipogenesis (hepatosteatosis)

Question 10

Molecule that causes hangover symptoms

Answer 10

Acetaldehyde