Establishing Quality Standards

Question 1

Tools and Techniques to establish quality standards

Answer 1

Quality Audits

Root Cause

Question 2

Quality

Answer 2

the degree to which characteristics meet requirements

Question 3

Project Quality Tasks

Answer 3

Defining quality policies
Setting quality objectives
Assigning roles and Responsibilities of quality
Implementing quality management system
Monitoring and improving process effectiveness

Question 4

Quality Management Systems

Answer 4

ISO 9000- int’l guidelines for quality
Six Sigma- disciplined defect mgmt, continuous improvement
Total Quality Management
Failure Mode and effect analysis
Voice of the customer
Cost of Quality- what costs are necessary for quality

Question 5

Quality vs grade

Answer 5

Quality- characteristics needed to meet requirements

Grade- number of features

Question 6

Precision vs Accuracy

Answer 6

Precision- repeatable measurement not necessary correct

Accuracy- how close to goal

Question 7

Tools and Techniques for Planning Quality Mgmt of Project

Answer 7

Expert Judgement
Meetings
Data Representation- flow chart, logical data , mind mapping, matrix diagrams
Data Gathering- benchmarking, interviews, brainstorming
Data Analysis- c/b analysis, cost of quality
Decision Making
Test & Inspection Planning

Question 8

Cost of Quality (COQ)

Answer 8

total cost of efforts related to quality.

Cost of conformance and cost of non conformance

Question 9

Cost of Conformance (quality)

Answer 9

Prevention and appraisal

Question 10

Cost of Non-Conformance (quality)

Answer 10

Internal failure and external failure

Question 11

Cost Benefit Analysis

Answer 11

uses Cos of Quality
Weigh benefits of quality vs cost
steps: 
1- list and calculate cost
2- list and calculate benefits
3- compare

Question 12

Quality Management Plan

Answer 12

part of Project Mgmt Plan
establish guidelines for quality
informal or formal

Section A

• Major Deliverables
• Standards and Criteria to meet
• Monitoring and Controlling measures
• Scheduling info for quality and who

Quality Assurance

• Processes subject to quality mgmt
• Stakeholder standards
• Continuous Process Improvement
• Sched of quality assurance activities

Question 13

Tools and Techniques to Manage Quality

Answer 13

Data Gathering
Data Analysis (alt analysis/ doc analysis/ root cause)
Decision Making (multi-criteria decision analysis)
Data Representation ( affinity diagrams / cause and effect / scatter diagrams / flow charts / historgrams
Design for X
Problem Solving
Quality Improvement (ex: six Sigma)
Audit- compare procedures with actual work, make sure complying w org standards

Question 14

Goals of Quality Audit

Answer 14

• Decrease ____ by improving process
• identify inefficiencies
• identify process and procedures needed

Question 15

Root Cause Analysis

Answer 15

part of process analysis
find source of problem and why
6steps
1- define problem
2- gather data
3- determine possible causes
4- determine root cause 
5- develop solution
6- test and evaluate solution

Question 16

Process Analysis (quality)

Answer 16

where improvements can be made.
Streamline, produce high quality deliverables
ex: root cause analysis

Question 17

Tools and Techniques to Control Quality

Answer 17

Data Gathering
Data Analysis- performance reviews, root cause analysis
Inspection- observing, meeting, testing
Testing and Product Evaluation- determine quality
Data Representation- C&E diagrams, histograms, control charts
Meetings- approve change requests reviews, retros

Question 18

Pareto Diagram

Answer 18

histogram
Data representation technique to control quality
80/20 Pareto principle
80% of defects are caused by 20
six steps:
1-develop list of causes
2- record frequency for each error type
3- rank in descending order based on frequency
4- cumulative % of errors for each cause
5- Create histogram/bar graph
6- draw a line that plots cumulative % for each (to see what adds up to the 80%)

Question 19

Control Chart

Answer 19

only data representation technique for quality that includes factor of time
Upper control limit- 
Lower control limit- 
if any samples go above or below limits
Rule of 7

Question 20

Rule of 7 on Control Chart

Answer 20

if 7 samples in a row on are on the same side of the tolerance it is out of control
Need to stop and figure out cause