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CM Infectious Disease Objective Questions > ESCHERICHIA > Flashcards

ESCHERICHIA Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of pathogen is Escherichia (E.coli)?

A

Bacteria

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2
Q

Is Escherichia (E.coli) gram positive or gram negative?

A

Gram negative

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3
Q

What would Escherichia (E.coli) look like on a microscope slide?

A

Pink rods

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4
Q

Is Escherichia (E.coli) aerobic or anaerobic? Does it form spores?

A

Aerobic
It does not form spores

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5
Q

What is the significance of Escherichia (E.coli) being a motile bacteria?

A

The bacteria can move on its own, escape unfavorable conditions and exploit new areas where it can survive and continue to be pathogenic

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6
Q

What are some strains of Escherichia (E.coli)?

A

-Enterinopathogenic E. coli (EPEC)
-Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)
-Enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC)
-Enteroaggretive E. coli (EAEC)
-Shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC)

PITAS like pita bread :)
P-athogenic
I-nvasive
T-oxigenic
A-ggretive
S-higa toxin

Regular E.coli: normally found in gut flora

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7
Q

How is ETEC transmitted?

A

-Food and water borne

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8
Q

What is the pathogenesis of ETEC?

A

Enterotoxins

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9
Q

How would an ETEC infection present?

A

Traveler’s diarrhea

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10
Q

How is STEC transmitted?

A

-Food and water bornre
-Person to person
-Animals

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11
Q

What is the pathogenesis of STEC?

A

-Shiga toxin
*Strain 0157:H7 from restaurants!

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12
Q

How would a STEC infection present?

A

Hemolyti urea syndrome: Fever, Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), Possible renal Failure

-Hemorrhagic colitis: severe cramping, initially diarrhea is watery and then grossly bloody

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13
Q

How is EPEC transmitted?

A

Person to person

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14
Q

What is the pathogenesis of EPEC?

A

Bacteria adheres to intestinal lining (forms adhesions) will cause intestinal leaking (malabsorption)

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15
Q

How does a EPEC infection present?

A

Watery diarrhea

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16
Q

How is EIEC tansmitted?

A

-Food and water borne
-Person to person
-Travelers

17
Q

What is the pathogenesis of EIEC?

A

DIRECT INVASION of colon cells

18
Q

How would an EIEC infection present?

A

Dysentery syndrome similar to Shigella bacteria
-Colitis (inflamed colon)
-Inflammation

19
Q

How is EAEC tansmitted?

A

-Food and water borne
-Person to person
-Travelers

20
Q

What is the pathogenesis of EAEC?

A

Diffuse aderence and replication, yet not invasive (doesn’t normally spread)

21
Q

How would an EAEC infection present?

A

-Travelers diarrhea
-Persistent diarrhea
-Symptoms can last MONTHS

22
Q

Due to the wide spectrum of the disease, numerous strains of E.coli may also cause what infections?

A

-UTI (most common in women)
-Diarrheal illness
-Intra-abdominal infection
-Neonatal meningitis
-Bacteremia
-Hospital acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia
-Surgical wound infections

23
Q

What is the treatment for infections caused by these strains of E.coli? What does it depend on?

A

Depends on severity/symptoms of infection

-Usually self limiting/will resolve on its own:
Hydration, supportive and symptomatic treatment

-Severe non-bloody diarrhea: Ciprofloxacin, Bactrim, Rixaximin

-Bloody diarrhea: NO ANTIBIOTICS, this will make it worse

24
Q

What two E.coli types can cause travelers diarrhea?

A

ETEC and EAEC

(Think: TA = time of arrival, vacation, traveling!)

25
Q

What kind of infection would be caused by normal gut flora E.coli?

A

Hospital acquired (nosocomial) Pneumonia: association with being on a vent, common in nursing homes and hospitals

Neonatal meningitis: highest risk in first month of life (along with Group B strep)

UTI (spectrum):
-uncomplicated healthy patients (98%)
-Kidney infection (pyelonephritis), catheter associated, urosepsis: tachy or low BP, shock syndrome symptoms (2%)

Intra-abdominal infections: Any barriers of organs, if disrupted, can be affected
-intraperitoneal abcess (collection of pus in abdomen)
-Peritonitits: inflammation of lining in abdomen (usually during a surgery)

26
Q

How can a normal gut flora E.coli UTI be treated?

A

-Macrobid, Bactrim, Quinolones
-3rd generation Cephalosporins for complicated cystitis

27
Q

How can a normal gut flora E.coli pyelonephritis infection be treated?

A

IV Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Bactrim

***MACROBID WILL NOT WORK

28
Q

How can a normal gut flora E.coli Intra-abdominal infection be treated?

A

-3rd/4th gen Cephalosporins
-Quinolones
-Ceftriaxone (Zosyn)

29
Q

What does normal gut flora E.coli have an increasing resistance to?

A

UNASYN (ampicillin and sulbactam combo)

CM Infectious Disease Objective Questions (39 decks)

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