equine limb

Question 1

name the equine limb ligaments 5

Answer 1

mcpj collat lig, short collat lig of psb, pipj collat lig, axial and abaxial palmar lig, dipj collat lig

Question 2

what is the interosseous

Answer 2

a suspensory ligament that is tendinous in horses. it runs palmar proximal on mc3

Question 3

name the ligaments associated with the interosseous 4

Answer 3

1 straight lig onto p2, 2 oblique lig from mc3 to p1, 3cruciate lig which runs deep p1. 4 short lig deep to cruciate

Question 4

what are the equine limb flexor tendons

Answer 4

SDFT = radial check running from mc3 to p2. DDFT = carpal check lig running from p1 to p3

Question 5

what is the impar ligament

Answer 5

between p2 and p3 attaching to the navicular bursa and contributes to protection of bone from the overlying flexor

Question 6

what are the structures of the retinacula and ergot

Answer 6

palmar annular lig mc3, prox palmar digital annular lig of p1. p2 lig of ergot to protect fetlock. distal palmar digital annular lig on p2 above navicular

Question 7

what is the navicular bone

Answer 7

sits in the coffin bone within the hoof

Question 8

what is the nb mechanical theory

Answer 8

a - redirects ddft to increase torque. b - acts as an alternative route for weight bearing from p2 onto nb > ddft > digital cushion > transfer of weight

Question 9

what is the nb vascular theory

Answer 9

proximal and distal navicular plexi are smashed about to prevent blood flow to bone

Question 10

navicular bone disease treatments?

Answer 10

1. diagnose by local analgesia 2 managed by palmar digital neurectomy

Question 11

what is the stay apparatus

Answer 11

musculoskeletal elements which allow horses to stand with minimal muscular effort which helps make locomotion more efficient

Question 12

outline the forelimb stay apparatus

Answer 12

1 suspensory ligament 2 palmar lig 3 carpal check lig 4 radial check lig, 5 carpal bones 6 elbow snap joint 7 trunk 8 lacertus fibrosus (internal tendon through bicep and ECR-scpaular to cannon in order to lock the carpus and elbow

Question 13

what is the role of the suspensory ligament

Answer 13

prevents mcpj overextension

Question 14

what is the role of the palmar lig

Answer 14

prevents pipj overextension

Question 15

what is the role of the carpal check lig

Answer 15

DDFT prevents pipj overextension

Question 16

what is the role of the radial check ligament

Answer 16

SDFT prevents pipj overextension

Question 17

what is the role of the carpal bones

Answer 17

lock in a straight line

Question 18

what does the elbow snap joint do

Answer 18

aided by fibrous old pronators in order to lock the limb

Question 19

how is the hindlimb stay apparatus different

Answer 19

no radial check lig, tarsal check lig is very variable, additional origins of SL on tarsal 4

Question 20

what does the SDF do in the hindlimb

Answer 20

contains a fibrous band from femur to tuber calcis > hock locks

Question 21

what does the accessory lig do in the hindlimb

Answer 21

prevents abduction

Question 22

what does the stifle locking do in the hindlimb

Answer 22

medial patellar ligament hooks over medial trochlear ridge of femur. fixes stifle in extension, semimemb locks, biceps unlock

Question 23

what is the reciprocal apparatus

Answer 23

peroneus vertius: fibrous band from femur to tarsus

Question 24

what does the peroneus vertius do

Answer 24

forms reciprocal apparatus with SDF, hock and stifle flex and extend in synchrony