equine limb Flashcards
name the equine limb ligaments 5
mcpj collat lig, short collat lig of psb, pipj collat lig, axial and abaxial palmar lig, dipj collat lig
what is the interosseous
a suspensory ligament that is tendinous in horses. it runs palmar proximal on mc3
name the ligaments associated with the interosseous 4
1 straight lig onto p2, 2 oblique lig from mc3 to p1, 3cruciate lig which runs deep p1. 4 short lig deep to cruciate
what are the equine limb flexor tendons
SDFT = radial check running from mc3 to p2. DDFT = carpal check lig running from p1 to p3
what is the impar ligament
between p2 and p3 attaching to the navicular bursa and contributes to protection of bone from the overlying flexor
what are the structures of the retinacula and ergot
palmar annular lig mc3, prox palmar digital annular lig of p1. p2 lig of ergot to protect fetlock. distal palmar digital annular lig on p2 above navicular
what is the navicular bone
sits in the coffin bone within the hoof
what is the nb mechanical theory
a - redirects ddft to increase torque. b - acts as an alternative route for weight bearing from p2 onto nb > ddft > digital cushion > transfer of weight
what is the nb vascular theory
proximal and distal navicular plexi are smashed about to prevent blood flow to bone
navicular bone disease treatments?
- diagnose by local analgesia 2 managed by palmar digital neurectomy
what is the stay apparatus
musculoskeletal elements which allow horses to stand with minimal muscular effort which helps make locomotion more efficient
outline the forelimb stay apparatus
1 suspensory ligament 2 palmar lig 3 carpal check lig 4 radial check lig, 5 carpal bones 6 elbow snap joint 7 trunk 8 lacertus fibrosus (internal tendon through bicep and ECR-scpaular to cannon in order to lock the carpus and elbow
what is the role of the suspensory ligament
prevents mcpj overextension
what is the role of the palmar lig
prevents pipj overextension
what is the role of the carpal check lig
DDFT prevents pipj overextension
what is the role of the radial check ligament
SDFT prevents pipj overextension
what is the role of the carpal bones
lock in a straight line
what does the elbow snap joint do
aided by fibrous old pronators in order to lock the limb
how is the hindlimb stay apparatus different
no radial check lig, tarsal check lig is very variable, additional origins of SL on tarsal 4
what does the SDF do in the hindlimb
contains a fibrous band from femur to tuber calcis > hock locks
what does the accessory lig do in the hindlimb
prevents abduction
what does the stifle locking do in the hindlimb
medial patellar ligament hooks over medial trochlear ridge of femur. fixes stifle in extension, semimemb locks, biceps unlock
what is the reciprocal apparatus
peroneus vertius: fibrous band from femur to tarsus
what does the peroneus vertius do
forms reciprocal apparatus with SDF, hock and stifle flex and extend in synchrony
