Equine Hindlimb Lameness: Hock and Stifle Flashcards
What are the nerves blocks that you can perfom on the hock and stifle of the equine limb? Where do they run?
Tibial nerve - proximal to the point of the hock on the medial aspect dorsal to the DDFT
Deep and superficial peroneal nerve - lateral gaskin at similar level between long and lateral digital extensor muscles - the superficial nerve is palpable here
Which of the stile joints are able to communicate and which are independant?
Medial femorotibial and femuropatellar joints usually communicate
Lateral femorotibial usually independant
What are the four standard views of hock radiography?
Lateromedial
Dorsolatero-planteromedial
Dorsoplantar
Dorsomedial-plantarolateral
What are the three standard views of stifle radiology?
Lateromedial
Caudocranial
Caudolatero-dorsomedial oblique
What is bone spavin?
Osteoarthritis of the small hock joints
How will bone spavin present?
Lame/poor performance/loss of action/back issues
Swelling on medial distal hock
Shortened cranial phase, limb carried medially and then stamps laterally to the ground
What are the three main radiographic signs of bone spavin?
Irregulatiry of the joint margin
Irregular joint space
Sclerosis of subchondral bone
What are the three main treatment options for tarsometatarsal/distal intertarsal osteoarthritis?
NSAIDs
Joint medications
Shoeing
In which breeds does osteochondritis dissecans have an increased incidence in?
Warmbloods
Standardbreds
Shires
Where is the most common location of osetochondritis dissecans lesions? What is the advised treatment for these lesions?
Distal intermediate ridge of the tibia.
Arthroscopic removal advised
Where are subchondral bone cysts usually found in the stifle?
Usually on the medial condyle, communicating with the joint.
What is ‘curb’? How does it present?
Plantar ligament desmitis.
Firm swelling above chestnut and below point of the hock.
What is ‘bog spavin’?
Tarsocrural effusion - clinical sign not diagnosis!
What is ‘thoroughpin’ and how does it present?
Tarsal sheath effusion, biaxial swellings cranial to calcaneal tendon.
What are the two treatment options for a displace/luxated SDFT?
Conservative - settles
Surgical - rebuild retinaculum
