EQ2 – How is London Changing? 5.5 – Opportunities and challenges Flashcards
Which areas of London have most declined?
The areas of London have most declined is Newham, Hackney, Tottenham, E.T.C. This is due to small businesses and less well paid jobs in the area and less education.
Explain what deindustrialisation is and why this caused decline?
Deindustrialisation is the closure of industries, lead to decreased manufacturing. This caused decline because some businesses have closed down completely due to no money being made in the business/area or less people using the business.
Explain what depopulation is and why it caused decline?
Depopulation is the amount of people decline, when people move away. This caused decline because people went on to find good high well paid jobs or move to wealthier areas.
Explain what decentralisation is and why it caused decline?
Decentralisation is the shift of shopping activity from CBD, the move of employment from CBD. This caused decline because there could be unemployment
Explain how e-commerce and developments in have caused further (more recent) decline?
The growth of e-commerce(online shopping) has recently put further pressure on high street shops. Some firms have moved to distribution centres on the edge of the city where they can distribute goods to online shoppers more easily. Others have been forced to close down.
Which areas of London have seen economic and population growth? – this is a little more complex pattern
The areas of london have seen economic and population growth are Richmond Upon Thames, Kingston Upon Thames, Central London E.T.C. This is due to people moving to busier cities/areas so they can have a wealthier living or to get a well paid job or an good education.
Explain the role of finance, business and TNC investment?
The growth of finance and business services is revitalising the CBD. The City of London has emerged as a global centre for banking, insurance and law companies, which benefit from being close to each other.
Many TNCs locate their sales and marketing departments and headquarters in London because of its importance as a financial centre. TNCs based in London
Explain how gentrification and students have caused growth in other areas
Some areas, e.g. Islington, have been gentrified - wealthier people move into run down areas and regenerate them by improving their houses. New businesses are springing up in gentrified areas to cater for the wealthier newcomers.
Other areas, e.g. Camden, have studentified - a high student population has lead to thriving services and entertainment venues, generating new jobs and wealth for the area.
Explain how urban sprawl with industry and shopping have caused growth in the RUF
Most growth has taken place in the rural-urban fringe. Large shopping centres, e.g. Bluewater, have been built on the edge of the city where land is cheaper and there is less congestion and more parking space.
Industrial areas, e.g. Crossways Business Park by the QE11 bridge, have also been developed on the outskirts of London.
The availability of jobs has attracted many people to live there.
Explain how the Olympics have caused growth in inner city areas.
London hosted the Olympic games in 2012, with most investment taking place in Londons East End. This was one of Londons most deprived areas but the area now has new transport links and the athletes` village has been developed into a modern housing estate. The sports stadiums are open for community use as well as world sporting events. New jobs have been created and lots of people are moving to the area.
