epidemiology

Question 1

What are the 5 stages to an infectious disease

Answer 1

• incubation period, disease replicates
• prodromal period, light symptoms start
• ilness period, most infection, most copys of bacteria, most symptoms
• Decline, start of recovory light, reduction in symptoms
• converlesence period, body repairing

Question 2

What is the cycle of infectous diseases

Answer 2

Causitive agent - virus bacteria parasite
Reservoir - formites, food water
Means of exit - excreations, droplets
Mode of transmition - vectors, water, food
Means of entrance - holes, injury site
Person at risk - immunocomprimised, young, old

Question 3

What is the name of a surface with a pathogen present

Answer 3

formite

Question 4

What are methods to break each step of the cycle of infection

Answer 4

Pathogen - early detection + treatment
Reservoir - disinfection + good hygine
Means of exit - disinfection + waste removal
Mode of transmition - bed spacing, airflow control
Means of entrance - Wound care
At risk individual - vaccinate, educate, special care

Question 5

What are the 4 epidemiological terms needed

Answer 5

Mortality - incidence of death in a population
Morbidity - incidence of disease (death + alive)
Incidence - number of new cases of a disease over time
Previlance - total number of poeple infected with a disease in a population

Question 6

what are different disease classes

Answer 6

endemic - the baseline amount of a disease in a population
epidemic - Large spike over the endemic amount in a population
pandemic - large scaled epidemic streaching multiple countrys
sporadic - irregular and infequent spike in disease

Question 7

if the disease incident rate starts to reduce does this mean the previlance will decreae

Answer 7

no previlance only decreases due to death or cure