energy

Question 1

What are producers?

Answer 1

= plants, able to produce their own carbohydrates, using co2 and water

Question 2

What happens between each trophic level?

Answer 2

= majority of energy is lost due to respiration and excretion
= the remaining is used to form biomass
=

Question 3

What 2 ways can biomass be measured?

Answer 3

= the amount of biomass remaining in an organism can be measured in terms of:
= mass of carbon
= dry mas of tissue given per given area, as water cannot be measured as this ma change depending on the season

Question 4

How to work our viomass of plamt?

Answer 4

= remove all of the water, and heat up,weigh until it is constant

Question 5

What does productivity of an ecosystem depend on?

Answer 5

= abiotic and biotic factors

Question 6

What is gross primary production GPP?

Answer 6

= chemical energy stored in plant biomass, given per area or per volume
= it is the total energy resulting from photosynthesis

Question 7

What is npp net primary production?

Answer 7

= chemical energy store in plant biomass, taking into account, energy is lost in respiration,
NPP= GPP-R
= so minimise respiration value
=

Question 8

What is NPP needed for?

Answer 8

= biomass
= biomass can be passed onto next trophic level in a food web
= energy left over, that is avaliable to the plant to create new biomass, and pass onto trophic level

Question 9

How to calculate the net production of consumers?

Answer 9

N= I-(F+R)
I= ingested food
R: lost in respiration
F: lost in faeces and urine
N: new biomass made

Question 10

What are the rates of productivitu?

Answer 10

= compare how productive an ecosustem are
= kj per m^2 or

Question 11

What are the units of energy?

Answer 11

= Kj for energy

Question 12

What is respiratory losses?

Answer 12

= not all of the energy is passed onto the trophic levels, some is lost as organisms grows, move, respire, or indigestble matter
= ATP being formed from respiration

Question 13

Where can light energy be lost due to?

Answer 13

= reflected off the leaf
= tranmission: misses contact with any chlorophyll
= incorrect wavelength of light, green light

Question 14

What is the unit for biomass?

Answer 14

gm^-2

Question 15

Why is such little amount of energy passed between trophic levels?

Answer 15

= not all of the organism may be consumed, plants roots bones
= some of the organism is indigestible, fur, cellulose
= heat loss from respiration
= energy lost by excretion-urine from faeces
=

Question 16

Why does the amount of biomass decrease as we move along trophic levels?

Answer 16

= due to less energy being avalaible to produce the biomass

Question 17

Why do food chains usually contain 4 to 5 trophic levels?

Answer 17

= flow of energy between trophic levels are ineffcient
= less energy by the time of the triohic levels

Question 18

How is effiency of energy transfer measured?

Answer 18

= energy avaliable after transfer/energy avaiale before the transfer x 100

Question 22

If they want an example for the unit of biomass what can you give?

Answer 22

= kJ ha–1 year–1.