Endocrinology and metabolism Flashcards
Catabolism
breaking down larger to smaller molecules -releasing energy
Metabolism
physical and chemical process in body convert or use energy
Anabolism
building up or synthesising new molecules -requires energy and stores energy
what are the 3 hormones involved in whole body metabolism
1.insulin
2.glucagon
3.adrenaline
5 things there is energy storage in organs
-fat: in adipose tissue released as fatty acid
Glycogen and triacylglycerol in liver-released as fatty acids, glucose, ketone bodies
Small amount of glycogen in heart muscle
Glycogen in skeletal much
No energy reservoir in brain
beta-cells of Langerhans in pancreas function
brings down blood glucose and synthesis of glycogen, triacylglycerol’s, protein
how is control of beta cells done?
stimulated by glucose, amino acids, GI hormones
Endocrine disruptors
substance is a compound . natural or synthetic which through environmental or inappropriate developmental exposure alters
2 examples of endocrine disruptors
1.hormonal
2.homestatic system
what do hormonal and homeostatic help with?
enable organism to communicate and respond to its environment
where to endocrine disruptors come from?
diet, plastic, medical compounds, environmental contamination
Examples of the disruptors?
DDTs -pesticides- links to reproductive damage
Phthalates -cosmetics links to reproductive damage
Thyroid gland
function of thyroid gland
brain development in fetus and control of metabolism
mechanism of disruption
disruptors attach to same receptors and interference with synthises, release and transport
Suppression of thyroid hormones
fetal iodine deficiency
