Disorders impacting the reproductive health of women

Question 1

what is the duration of a period?

Answer 1

4.5 to 8 days

Question 2

frequency(how often it comes)

Answer 2

24 to 38 days

Question 3

regularity

Answer 3

2 to 20 days over 12 months

Question 4

volume(how heavy It is)

Answer 4

5-80ml of blood

Question 5

what can the endometrium impact?

Answer 5

heavy menstrual bleeding

Question 6

symptoms menstruation can cause?

Answer 6

1.anemia
2.social and emotional well being
3. reduction in productivity in society(workdays and income lost)

Question 7

what 2 things are the symptoms effected by?

Answer 7

1.Palm
2.Coein

Question 8

is palm structural or non structural?

Answer 8

structural

Question 9

is coein structural or non structural?

Answer 9

non structural

Question 10

what causes palm to be structural?

Answer 10

polyps, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, malignancy. These can be seen through things such as ultrasound scan or biopsy

Question 11

what causes coein to be non structural?

Answer 11

what you can’t see for example cannot be seen through ultrasound scan or biopsy. causes of this are-coagulopathy, ovulatory, endometrial, iatrogenic

Question 12

what can the uterine fibroids(leiomyomas) are benign tumours disrupt?

Answer 12

normal function of the uterus

Question 13

Fibroids are benign neoplasms, what are they composed of?

Answer 13

disorder smooth muscle cells and abundant extracellular matrix.

Question 14

what are the 2 ways excessive bleeding can be managed?

Answer 14

1.hormone based
2.non-hormonal

Question 15

hormone based

Answer 15

reduce endometrial proliferation -reduces bleeding- progesterone based

Question 16

non -hormonal

Answer 16

non-steroidal anti- inflammatries or tranexamic acid
, pain and fertility issues

Question 17

what are the 3 types of fibroids?

Answer 17

1.intramural
2.subserosal
3.submucosal

Question 18

intramural

Answer 18

develops in muscle wall of uterus

Question 19

subserosal fibroids

Answer 19

develop outside wall of uterus into pelvis and become large

Question 20

submucosal

Answer 20

develop in muscle layer beneath endometrium and grow into cavity of uterus

Question 21

endometriosis:

Answer 21

growth of endometrium outside the uterus

Question 22

Diagnostic laparoscopy

Answer 22

invasive produced -lets you see organs

Question 23

what are the 2 disadvantages of diagnostic laparoscopy?

Answer 23

-lack of awareness
-there are no biomarkers

Question 24

what are the 3 subtypes of lesions

Answer 24

1.superficial peritoneal
2.ovarian endometrioma
3.deep infiltrating

Question 25

lesion

Answer 25

An area of abnormal or damaged tissue caused by injury, infection, or disease

Question 26

adenomyosis

Answer 26

endometrium found deep in the myometrium.

Question 27

what are 2 symptoms of adenomyosis

Answer 27

pain
heavy menstrual bleeding

Question 28

what are the disadvantages of certain scans

Answer 28

longer to diagnose – can use MRI and ultrasound

Question 29

3 treatments

Answer 29

-non hormonal
-hormonal
-hysterectomy

Question 30

7 ways on how socieconomic status impacts woman’s menstrual health?

Answer 30

-taught menstrual wellbeing in school
-period poverty
-feel less empowered to speak to GP( health seeking behaviour)
-access to healthcare-pockets of expertise
-cost
-miscarriage
-preeclampsia-condition hypertension during and after pregnancy