Endocrine System

Question 2

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 2

Made up of organs and glands that produce, store, and release hormones

Question 3

What is the exocrine gland?

Answer 3

Releases hormones into a duct to target cells

Question 4

What is the endocrine gland?

Answer 4

Releases hormones directly into the bloodstream

Question 5

Where is the pituitary gland located?

Answer 5

Located in the brain; master gland

Question 6

What is the luteinizing hormone (LH)?

Answer 6

Stimulates ovulation and testosterone in males

Question 7

What is prolactin?

Answer 7

Hormone that causes the breasts to grow and make milk

Question 8

What is the antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Answer 8

Hormone that stimulates reabsorption of water by the kidneys

Question 9

What does oxytocin do?

Answer 9

Hormone stimulates the uterine contractions during labor and release of breast milk

Question 10

What does the posterior pituitary gland secretes?

Answer 10

• Oxytocin
• Antidiuretic Hormone

Question 11

What does the pineal gland secrete?

Answer 11

Melatonin - Regulates puberty and biological clock

Question 12

What does the thyroid gland secrete?

Answer 12

T3 and T4 - cellular metabolism

Calcitonin - Increase bone calcium

Question 13

What does thymus secrete?

Answer 13

Thymosin - development of cells in immune system

Question 14

What does parathyroid gland secrete?

Answer 14

Parathyroid hormone - Regulates calcium

Question 15

Where are the adrenal glands?

Answer 15

On top of the kidneys

Question 16

What is cortisol?

Answer 16

Regulates carbohydrates

Question 17

What is aldosterone

Answer 17

Regulation of electrolytes and fluid volume

Question 18

What is epinephrine?

Answer 18

Flight or fight responses

Question 19

What is norepinephrine

Answer 19

Vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels) that increases blood pressure

Question 20

Where is the pancreas located?

Answer 20

Behind stomach and in front of the spine

Question 21

What does the pancrease secrete?

Answer 21

Alpha cells (glucagon) -> Increases blood sugar

Beta cells (insulin) -> Lowers blood sugar

Question 22

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 22

diabetes where body stops making insulin

Question 23

type 2 diabetes

Answer 23

diabetes associated with obesity

Question 24

Gestational diabetes

Answer 24

diabetes that occurs during pregnancy

Question 25

diabetes mellitus

Answer 25

diabetes associated with elevated blood glucose levels

Question 26

Goiter

Answer 26

Irregular growth of the thyroid gland

Question 27

Gigantism

Answer 27

Results from an excess growth hormone from the pituitary gland

Question 28

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Answer 28

Irregular menstrual periods; elevated hormone levels; cysts on ovaries

Question 29

Hypothyroidism

Answer 29

Underactive thyroid gland; weight gain; slow heart rate; Myxedema (swelling of the skin/underlying tissues)

Question 30

Hyperthyroidism (Graves disease)

Answer 30

Autoimmune disorder; excessive thyroid hormone; weight loss, heat tolerance and increased heart rate

Question 31

What does progesterone do?

Answer 31

Prepares the body for pregnancy

Question 32

Cushing’s syndrome

Answer 32

High levels of the hormone cortisol from the adrenal glands over time