Endocrine and Reproductive Systems

Question 1

Endocrine system

Answer 1

Uses hormones to “communicate”
Slower than nervous system because of use of bloodstream to travel
Regulates growth, arousal, and functions associated with reproduction

Question 2

Epinephrine

Answer 2

behaves also as a hormone in endocrine system; stimulates sympathetic nervous system

Question 3

Hypothalamus

Answer 3

controls anterior pituitary

Question 4

Pituitary gland

Answer 4

located at base of the brain; anterior and posterior parts
Anterior: releases hormones that activate other endocrine glands in the body which then secretes its own characteristic hormone to signal to an internal organ to change its functioning

Question 5

XY info

Answer 5

Embryo ALWAYS inherits X from mother; may receive X or Y from father

Question 6

Androgens

Answer 6

male hormones, esp. testosterone

Question 7

Androgen-insensitivity syndrome

Answer 7

rare phenomenon where XY baby develops as female; fetus does not produce or cannot use androgens –> development will follow female pattern, regardless of chromosomal genetic sex. Does not need female hormones, merely the absence of androgens

Question 8

Gonadotropins

Answer 8

activate hormone production in testes and ovaries

Question 9

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 9

stimulates growth of an ovarian follicle–a small protective sphere surrounding the egg

Question 10

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Answer 10

associated with ovulation (release of egg from ovary); at various stages during ovulation two more hormones are released: estrogen and progesterone

Question 11

Estrogen

Answer 11

associated with maturation and release of the egg or ovum from ovary

Question 12

progestone

Answer 12

prepares uterus for implantation of fertilized egg

Question 13

Menstruation begins when

Answer 13

ovum is not fertilized –> estrogen and progesterone levels decrease