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Psych 101 > Emotion and Well-Being > Flashcards

Emotion and Well-Being Flashcards

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1
Q

What is subjective experience

A

feelings, subjective awareness, cognition

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2
Q

What is bodily arousal

A

physiological activation, bodily prep for action, motor responses

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3
Q

What is expressive behaviour

A

facial expression, vocal expression, and social communication

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4
Q

Where is the initial emotional response located in the brain

A

the amygdala

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5
Q

What is another nickname or term for the amygdala

A

the threat detector

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6
Q

Explain the fast pathway of emotional stimulus

A

stimuli; thalamus; amygdala; response

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7
Q

Explain the slow pathway of emotional stimulus

A

stimuli; thalamus; sensory cortex; other cortical areas; amygdala; response

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8
Q

Which part of the nervous system is used for “rest and digest”

A

the parasympathetic nervous system

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9
Q

What part of the nervous system is used for “fight or flight”

A

the sympathetic nervous system

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10
Q

What is common sense view

A

cognitive experience comes before physiological arousal

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11
Q

What is the James-Lange theory

A

physiological arousal comes before cognitive experience

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12
Q

What is the Cannon-Bard theory

A

Physiological arousal and conscious
experience happen simultaneously

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13
Q

What is facial feedback

A

the impacts facial expressions have on emotion

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14
Q

What is the Schacter and Singer theory

A

Initial physiological arousal is
interpreted, leading to conscious experience

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15
Q

What were the Schacter and Singer studies in the 60s

A

participants were injected with adrenaline, one group was told of the symptoms and one wasn’t

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16
Q

What is the two factor theory of emotion

A

an event happens to create a change in physiological arousal levels, which is interpreted as a function of context, creating emotion

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17
Q

What are display rules

A

unwritten expectations for when it is
appropriate to show an emotion

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18
Q

What is Aristotle’s definition of happiness

A

happiness is a virtue

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19
Q

Happiness as a subjective well-being has three impacts, what are they?

A

positive, negative, and satisfaction

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20
Q

Happiness is about ______ heritable

A

50%

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21
Q

Babies with dominant right prefrontal cortex’s are more sensitive to

A

seperation

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22
Q

Adults with dominant prefrontal cortexs are

A

happier

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23
Q

What is appraisal

A

the act of assessing and evaluating the potential threat and demands of an event

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24
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary appraisal

A

primary - recognizing the threat
secondary - responding to the threat

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25
Q

Is stress a good or bad thing in relation to motivation

A

stress is a good thing for motivation, without it, tasks are not completed as efficiently

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26
Q

What is the individual zone of optimal functioning (IZOF)

A

the range of emotional intensity one is most likely to perform well under

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27
Q

What is general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

A

a series of responses involving stages of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

28
Q

What hormone is released to response to stressful situations

A

cortisol

29
Q

Which gender has higher response to cortisol release

A

males

30
Q

What is oxytocin

A

a hormone released related to maternal bonding and social relationships

31
Q

Studies have shown that oxytocin has what impact on stress

A

lowers sympathetic nervous system activity and blood pressure levels

32
Q

What is vasopressin

A

a hormone similar to oxytocin in the sense that it is stress reducing

33
Q

What two hormones are involved in social behaviour and bonding

A

oxytocin and vasopressin

34
Q

What effect does oxytocin have on the brain and other hormones

A

inhibits the activity of the amygdala and prevent release of cortisol

35
Q

People with HIGH vasopressin report having ___________ quality relationships

A

better quality

36
Q

What is psychoneuroimmunology

A

study of the relationship between neurological function and immune system

37
Q

What disease are people of high stress at greater risk for

A

coronary heart disease

38
Q

What is type A personality

A

people who are impatient and worry about time, are easily angered, competitive and highly motivated

39
Q

What is type B personality

A

more laid back, patient, easygoing and relaxed

40
Q

Which personality type is more prone to unhealthy habits and behaviours

A

type A

41
Q

Are ulcers actually caused by stress or is that a myth

A

myth! they are caused by a bacteria

42
Q

Why do people under high stress eat more/eat unhealthy

A

relates to the dopamine response in the brain

43
Q

What is coping

A

refers to the processes used to manage stressors, demands, and conflicts

44
Q

What is positive psychology

A

the study of human strengths and potential
- focuses on the positive side of psych rather than the negative side

45
Q

What is optimism

A

the expectancy of positive outcomes

46
Q

What is pessimism

A

the expectancy of negative outcomes

47
Q

What is pessimistic explanatory style

A

tendency to interpret negative outcomes as interpersonal, and as a constant stable quality

48
Q

What is negative affectivity

A

the tendency to respond to problems with immediate anger, anxiety, hostility, etc.

49
Q

What is resilience

A

the ability to recover from adversity or illness based on mental state

50
Q

What is post-traumatic growth

A

the capacity to grow and experience long term positive effects in response to negative events

51
Q

What is meditation

A

a practice in which an individual is highly aware of mental processes and in tune with ones self

52
Q

What is focused attention meditation

A

focusing on a set object or feeling

53
Q

What is open monitoring meditation

A

focus on moment-to-moment sensations rather than a set point or object in an attempt to experience sensations immensly

54
Q

What is mindfulness-based stress reduction

A

a program based on mindfulness meditation

55
Q

What is integrated mind-body training

A

a combination of meditation and posture correction

56
Q

What area of the brain is said to control attention and some emotional responses

A

anterior cingulate gyrus

57
Q

Yoga helps maintain _____-_______ control of emotional processes

A

top-down

58
Q

What is another mental practice/belief that contributes to lower stress levels and/or higher well-being

A

religion beliefs

59
Q

What is brain-derived neurotrophic factor

A

a protein in the brain that promotes survival, growth, and the formation of new synapses

60
Q

Does exercise increase or decrease epinephrine, dopamine, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor

A

increase

61
Q

Does lack of control increase or decrease stress

A

increase stress

62
Q

What is learned helplessness

A

acquired suppression of avoidance or escape behaviour in response to unpleasant and uncontrolled circumstances

63
Q

What condition displays symptoms similar to learned helplessness

A

depression

64
Q

What is compensatory control

A

psychological tactics used by individuals to preserve a sense of non-random order when personal control is compromised

65
Q

_______ is the tendency to respond to problems with a pattern of anxiety, hostility, anger, guilt, or nervousness.

A

Negative affectivity

Psych 101 (17 decks)

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