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History - Tudors > Elizabeth - Foreign Policy > Flashcards

Elizabeth - Foreign Policy Flashcards

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1
Q

What were Elizabeth’s aims?

A

Prevent French getting control in Scotland.
Prevent Spain getting control in Netherlands.
Prevent a Spanish French alliance.

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2
Q

What was signed in 1559 that brought peace between France and Spain?

A

Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis.

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3
Q

What year do Scottish lords remove Mary of Guise from power?

A

1559

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4
Q

What happened in the 1560 Treaty of Berwick?

A

Elizabeth reluctantly send aid to the Scottish rebels to prevent Mary of Guise returning.

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5
Q

What was the Treaty of Edinburgh (1560)?

A

Removed French from Scotland.

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6
Q

What were the French Protestant rebels called?

A

Huguenots.

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7
Q

What was the Treaty of Hampton Court (1562)?

A

Elizabeth promises to send aid but it was never fully implemented.

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8
Q

Where did Elizabeth take over due to the loss of Calais?

A

Le Havre

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9
Q

Who was the Duke of Anjou?

A

Brother of the French king and Elizabeth entered into marriage negotiations with him which led to him intervening in the Netherlands on her behalf.

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10
Q

When was the Treaty of Blois signed and who between?

A

1572

England and France.

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11
Q

What was the Treaty of Blois?

A

Mutual defence treaty between England and France.

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12
Q

What was St Bartholomew’s day massacre?

A

24th August 1572

Thousands of Huguenots killed in France but Elizabeth doesn’t intervene because it would damage her peace with France.

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13
Q

When does Elizabeth renew the Treaty of Blois with the new French king, Henry III?

A

1574

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14
Q

What was the Treaty of Joinville?

A

Signed in 1584 by Spain and France to help drive out Protestantism from Europe.

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15
Q

Why didn’t Elizabeth want to marry a foreign prince?

A

She believed that England would get dragged into the European power struggle.

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16
Q

Why didn’t Elizabeth want to marry a member of the English nobility?

A

Might led to rebellions or factions.

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17
Q

What happened in 1562 when Elizabeth succumbed to smallpox?

A

It showed why she needed to appoint a successor as if she died off smallpox it could have plunged the nation into conflict. Even though she recovered she still didn’t name a successor with MQS being the obvious one but she was Catholic so Elizabeth didn’t want to appoint her.

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18
Q

In 1589 Protestants established control of France but under who?

A

Henry of Navarre and Elizabeth sent an army to support him.

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19
Q

What happens to Henry of Navarre in 1593?

A

He becomes Catholic and makes peace with the catholics and then eventually with Spain.

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20
Q

Why does England’s and Spain’s relationship begin to decline in 1562?

A

Spain gain a tighter control over the Netherlands.

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21
Q

What happened in 1563 between England and Netherlands with trade?

A

Trade embargoes were put in place and in return England bans imports. Takes 12 months for this to be resolved.

22
Q

What year does Philip send the Duke of Alva to establish control in the Netherlands?

A

1567

23
Q

What year is a Spanish bullion seized in English ports?

A

1568

24
Q

Why was the Spanish bullion seized?

A

To make things difficult for the Duke of Alva as he couldn’t pay his troops after the bullion was seized.

25
Q

What year did Elizabeth allow the Sea Beggars to take refuge in England?

A

1567

26
Q

What happens in 1572 when Elizabeth expels the Sea Beggars?

A

They return to the Netherlands and spark a civil war.

27
Q

What year does Elizabeth allow Protestant exiles from the Netherlands into England?

A

1573 and this further damages her relationship with Philip.

28
Q

What year is trade reestablished after negotiations with Alva?

A

1573

29
Q

What year did Elizabeth send volunteers to the Netherlands?

A

1577

30
Q

What happens in the 1576 Protestant uprising in the Netherlands?
(3)

A

Elizabeth loans them £100,000.
Agrees to send an expeditionary force to help.
She warns Henry III of France not to interfere or she would use force.

31
Q

What happens when Philip sends an army to get back the Netherlands?

A

Elizabeth finances a mercenary force to stop him.

32
Q

Who is the Duke of Anjou?

A

In 1578 he entered marriage negotiations with Elizabeth as well as intervening in the Netherlands on her behalf.

33
Q

What year is Drake knighted?

A

1581 and this shows that Elizabeth backed what he was doing in raiding the Spanish.

34
Q

When does Philip order the creation of a large navy?

A

1583

35
Q

Who led the Spanish advances on Antwerp in 1584?

A

Duke of Palma

36
Q

What happened when William of Orange was assassinated in 1584?

A

There were further calls to Elizabeth to intervene.

37
Q

When was the Treaty of Nonsuch signed?

A

1585

38
Q

What was the Treaty of Nonsuch?

A

Elizabeth sends an army to help Dutch rebels.

39
Q

What year is the start of the war with Spain?

A

1584

40
Q

When does Drake sack Cadiz?

A

1587

41
Q

When is the Spanish Armada defeated?

A

1588

42
Q

How is the Spanish Armada defeated?

3

A

Bad weather.
Drakes leadership.
New style of ships.

43
Q

When do Spain renew their treaty with the French Catholic League and what do they do?

A

1590 and they send 3000 men to Brittany which threatens the Cannel.

44
Q

When does Elizabeth send an army to Brittany to respond to the Catholic League?

A

1591

45
Q

What happens to Spain in 1596?

A

They go bankrupt but still launch a second Armada however it is unsuccessful.

46
Q

When do Spanish forces intervene in Ireland?

A

1601

47
Q

When was the Union of Utrecht signed?

A

1579

48
Q

What did the Union of Utrecht do?

A

United all of northern Netherlands under William of Orange.

49
Q

What does Warwick trying to exchange le Havre for Calais show?

A

That Elizabeth was more interested in her own gains rather than being a protector of Protestantism.

50
Q

Why does Elizabeth not want Leicester to take the title Governor General of Netherlands?

A

Because it means she has to get involved in the Netherlands.

51
Q

When does Leicester take the title of Governor General of the Netherlands?

A

1585

History - Tudors (23 decks)

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