Edward the Conqueror Flashcards
How did Edward ordering his army to muster at Newcastle in March 1296 help him to subjugate Scotland?
This helped Edward subjugate Scotland as it showed that Edward was prepared to use force when necessary. he also hoped the show of force would bring John to heel.
How did Edwards army crossing the Tweed and laying siege on Berwick in 1296 help him to subjugate Scotland?
Berwick was Scotland’s largest and most prosperous port, making its siege very costly. The massacre of over 7,500 people eventually allowed Edward to claim Berwick as part of England, which made Scots people see his army an unstoppable force, potentially making way for him to siege more territory.
How did the Battle of Dunbar in April 1296 help Edward subjugate Scotland?
The Battle was seen as a glorious victory and again showed the power and strength of Edwards army, weakening John Balliol’s rule.
How did Edward gaining allegiance of serval key Scottish nobles including Robert the Bruce help him to subjugate Scotland?
This undermined Balliol’s authority and made Edward appear as the superior King.
How did Edward capturing Scottish castles such as Edinburgh, Perth and Stirling, using the lasted siege weapon technology help him to subjugate Scotland?
The fact he used new technology again showed the power of his army and the destruction he could cause. The key castles were hard to regain and showed how progressive his attacks had been.
Why did the events on the 2nd of July and 7th July 1296:
- 2nd -John had to confess in writing that he had rebelled against his overlord, Edward, by making an alliance with the French.
-7th - In Stracathro churchyard, King John had to formally renounce the french treaty.
help him to subjugate Scotland?
This humiliated King John and again was a complete exercise of his power and authority as overlord. It made John Balliol look like a puppet.
Why were the events on the 8th of July important in helping Edward subjugate Scotland?
In Montrose King John was made to renounce his Kingdom to Edward I. The royal insignia and fur were ripped from his tabard. His crown, sceptre, ring and sword were taken. This helped Edward subjugate Scotland because it showed the power of Edward and meant that Scotland no longer had a king - Edward was now Scotland’s ruler.
How did the imprisonment of King John and 100 of Scotland’s leaders (including the Comyn’s) in England help subjugate Scotland?
This helped subjugate Scotland as the most powerful Scottish people were now not in Scotland so it would be easier for Edward to influence events there.
What was the important of the Stone of Destiny and the Black Rood of St Margaret being taken to England in terms of the subjugation of Scotland?
This helped subjugate Scotland because Scotland’s Kings could no longer be inaugurated in the traditional way; this action was meant to make sure there would need be a Scottish King again.
Why was the removal of Scottish documents/records from Edinburgh castle to England important?
This helped subjugate Scotland because they sank on route, which meant that Scotlands written history and identity was lost/removed.
Why was Edward’s grand tour of Scotland (July-August 1296) visiting the main towns and castles important in helping him Subjugate Scotland?
Leading Scots came forward to swear fealty to him. Over 1500 notable scots put their seals on the Ragman Roll. This helped subjugate Scotland because there was now little hope of powerful Scottish people continuing to fight against Edward as they had pledged their loyalty to him.
How did Edward’s decision to bring in Englishmen to fill Scottish positions such as Justiciars and Sherrifs help him to subjugate Scotland?
Hugh Cressingham was made treasurer and the Earl of Surrey was made lieutenant of Scotland. This helped subjugate Scotland because now Scotland was being run by English, not Scottish officials.
