Early Scottish Resistance Flashcards
Why did the Scots rebel against English Rule? (Reason 1 and 2)
- ) There was underling resentment of Scots at Edward’s humiliation of King John, The Kingdom and Scotland’s sacred relics.
- ) English garrisons were placed in Sottish burghs and castles which had been Comyn strongholds i.e: Kirkintilloch and Wigtown in the south-west; Aberdeen, Inverness, Elgin, Forres, Uquart in the North. The presence of occupation forces speaking with a foreign accent or language was resented by the local population.
Why did the Scots rebel against English rule? (reason 3 and 4)
3) To fill important posts, Edward used Englishmen, or Scots whom he believed he had cowed into submission.
4) In October 1296 Edward ordered that only English priests should be considered for church vacancies in Galloway. Less than a year later that order was applied to all churches in Scotland.
Why did the Scots rebel against English rule? (reason 5 and 6)
5) From the beginning there was an element of extortion about the new regime’s treatment of the Scots. Hugh Cressingham, Edward’s treasurer in Scotland was nicknamed ‘treacherer’ by the Scots, a people not used to being taxed, the tax money was going to fund the war against the Frech.
In may 1297 he sent £5188 to the exchequer in Westminster from Scottish taxes. All stores of wool thought Scotland were now for the King’s use. 55 sacks of wool were seized from Melrose Abbey. There was no evidence that Edward’s Government was paying for the wool.
6) The last straw was a rumour in May 1297 that Edward intended to recruit Scots for his campaign in Flanders versus Philip of France.
When did the first rebellions against English occupation begin?
The winter of 1296-1297
When did the small and sporadic rebellions in Scotland turn into something far more serious?
Summer 1297
Where did the sporadic and spontaneous small rebellions of winter 1296-1297 take place and by whom?
They took place in the Western highlands and were led by the MacDougalls who were related to the Comyn’s through marriage.
What was the reasons for rebellion/fighting in the Western Highlands in 1297?
The Macdougalls and the Macdonalds were bitter rivals. The MacDonalds had been given positions of authority by the English regime which were previously held by the MacDougalls which caused resentment and fighting.
Name the more serious rebellion in May-June 1297.
It was the rebellion launched in Moray led by Andrew of Moray.
What was the Moray rebellion aim?
Its aim was to overthrow english-held castles at Urquhart, Inverness, Elgin, Banff and Aberdeen.
What, where and when was the first recorded attack of an English official?
William Wallace murdered William Hesilrig, the Sheriff of lanark in the South West in May 1297.
Where did William Wallace go after he murdered Hesilrig in 1297?
He made his way to Scone but he was almost caught.
Where did Wallace gather in late July 1297?
He gathered anti-English supporters in Selkirk forest.
What happened in fife?
Macduff, the uncle of the infant Earl of Fife, led men out in Rebellion and he may have been responsible for the capture of Cupar Castle.
When was Cupar Castle definitely in the hands of the Scots?
1298
Who does Macduff later join with to siege Dundee castle?
William Wallace
