ecology

Question 1

organisms

Answer 1

individuals

Question 2

populations

Answer 2

same species in the same environment

Question 3

communities

Answer 3

all plants and animals in the same environment

Question 4

ecosystems

Answer 4

living organisms and the environment they live in

Question 5

biosphere

Answer 5

the earth

Question 6

organismal ecology

Answer 6

interested in adaptations that allow for organism to live in a different habitats

Question 7

adaptations

Answer 7

can be morphological, behavioral, or physiological

Question 8

conspecific

Answer 8

two individuals of the same species

Question 9

biogeography

Answer 9

study of the distribution of living organisms across geographic space

Question 10

heterospecific

Answer 10

interaction of different species

Question 11

biotic

Answer 11

living

Question 12

abiotic

Answer 12

non-living

Question 13

endemic species

Answer 13

found in one very specific area, usually limited in size

Question 14

terrestrial biomes

Answer 14

forest, deserts, grasslands, tundra

Question 15

forests

Answer 15

tropical
chaparral
temperate
deciduous
coniferous

Question 16

deciduous

Answer 16

trees that loose their leaves

Question 17

chaparral

Answer 17

scrubland

Question 18

deserts

Answer 18

semi arid
hot/dry
coastal
cold

Question 19

grasslands

Answer 19

prairie(temperate)
savannah(tropical)

Question 20

tundra

Answer 20

low plant life
mostly moss

Question 21

aquatic biomes

Answer 21

saltwater
brackish
freshwater

Question 22

saltwater

Answer 22

shallow coastal (reefs)
deep sea(benthic –>bottom)
open ocean(pelagic)

Question 23

brackish

Answer 23

estuaries
salt marshes

Question 24

freshwater

Answer 24

lakes/ponds
rivers/streams
wetlands/swamps

Question 25

what has human impact led to

Answer 25

overfishing
destruction of habitats for development, agriculture, wood
pollution
extermination of native animal and plant populations
excessive release of greenhouse gases through burning of fossil fuels

Question 26

reasons for global variation in climate

Answer 26

uneven heating of the earth’s surface by the sun
rotation of the earth on its axis
-equator spins faster than the regions north and south of it
- prevailing winds that result distribute heat and moisture over the earths surface and dive oceans currents
properties of air, water, and land
-convection transfers energy and water

Question 27

el nino

Answer 27

occurs every 2-7 years
when a high pressure weather system that is normally stable over the eastern pacific ocean breaks down, destroying the pattern of westward-blowing trade winds
-warm water reversal which causes a warmer winter

Question 28

largest threats to coral reefs

Answer 28

increases sea temperature
decreased pH
increased disease(related to increased temperature and human activity)
direct human contact
coastal development(run off, increased nutrients

Question 29

global climate change means

Answer 29

co2 and other greenhouse gases are released by humans are contributing to
global warming of atmosphere and sea
increased number and intensity of hurricanes
sea surface level rise
ocean acidification

Question 30

natural effects of global climate regulation

Answer 30

milankovitch cycles
solar intensity –> decreased in recent years
volcanic activity- haze-cooling effect

Question 31

eccentricity

Answer 31

the shape of earth orbit

Question 32

precession

Answer 32

direction earths axis of rotation is pointed

Question 33

obliquity

Answer 33

the angle earths axis is tilted with respect to earths orbital plane