E3 acids and bases (very light version) Flashcards
normal pH
7.35-7.45
pH is regulated by balance of what and what
bicarb and co2
primary buffer in the blood
bicarb
kidneys reabsorb?
bicarb
kidneys excrete?
H+
kidneys generate?
new bicarb
lungs regulate?
CO2 levels by adjusting ventilation
liver affects bicarb through?
protein metabolism
lungs compensation mechanism
adjusting CO2
metabolic or respiratory:
lungs compensation mechanism
metabolic
kidney compensation mechanism
altering bicarb reabsorption or H+ excretion
metabolic or respiratory:
kidney compensation mechanism
respiratory
low pH and low bicarb
metabolic acidosis
non-anion gap metabolic acidosis due to?
bicarb loss (diarrhea, renal tubule acidosis)
anion gap metabolic acidosis due to?
accumulation of acids (lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, toxic ingestion)
pH where we want to treat with bicarb
<7.1
high pH, high bicarb
metabolic alkalosis
saline-responsive metabolic alkalosis often due to?
volume depletion (vomiting, diuretics)
saline responsive metabolic alkalosis responds to ___ or ____
sodium chloride
potassium chloride
treatment for metabolic alkalosis
consider carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (acetazolamide if fluid restriction is needed)
low pH, high CO2
respiratory acidosis