drug development

Question 1

define drug development

Answer 1

is the process of bringing a new pharmaceutical drug to the market.

Question 2

what are the current models of drug development

Answer 2

• lead compound identification
• pre clinical research
• filing for regulatory status
• clinical trials on humans
• marketing the drug

Question 3

define drugg ability

Answer 3

the ability of a protein target to bind small molecules with high affinity (sometimes called ligandability).

Question 4

what are the drug development sources (8)

Answer 4

• Medicines from plants
• Inorganic elements
• Organic molecules
• Bacteria/fungi/moulds
• Stereoisomers
• Immunotherapy antibodies
• Medicines from animals
• Gene therapy

Question 5

give an example of a medicine from a plant

Answer 5

igitalis plant used for dropsy (heart failure) – digoxin

Question 6

give an example of organic drug molecules

Answer 6

Chloroform
Phenol

Question 7

define stereoisomers

Answer 7

have the same molecule formula and sequence of bonded atoms, but differ in the 3D orientations of their atoms in space

Question 8

give example of immunotherapy anitbodies

Answer 8

Vaccinations for hep B, influenza, tetanus, mumps

Question 9

give 6 recombinant proteins in clinical use

Answer 9

Insulin
Erythropoietin
Growth hormone
Interleukin 2
Gamma interferom
Interleukin 1 receptor

Question 10

what does gene therapy consist of

Answer 10

a recombinant nucleic acid used in or administered to a human being with a view to regulating, replacing, adding or deleting a genetic sequence

Question 11

what does the effect of gene therapy relate to

Answer 11

relates directly to the recombinant nucleic acid sequence it contains or to the product of genetic expression of this sequence

Question 12

what is rational drug design

Answer 12

The process of finding new medications based on the knowledge of a biological target

Question 13

what is usually the drug in rational drug design

Answer 13

most commonly an organic small molecule that activates or inhibits the function of a biomolecule

Question 14

describe rational drug design

Answer 14

involves the design of molecules that are complementary in shape and charge to the biomolecular target with which they interact and therefore will bind to it

Relies on the knowledge of the 3D structure of the biomolecular target – structure-based drug design