Doc 8168 | NADP Flashcards
The procedures herein describe the methods for noise abatement when a problem is shown to exist. They have been designed for application to _____ aeroplanes. They can comprise any one or more of the following:
a) use of noise preferential _______ to direct the ____ and ___ flight paths of aeroplanes away from noise- sensitive areas;
b) use of noise preferential routes to assist aeroplanes in avoiding noise-sensitive areas on _______ and _____, including the use of ____ to direct aeroplanes away from noise-sensitive areas located under or adjacent to the usual take-off and approach flight paths; and
c) use of noise abatement take-off or approach procedures, designed to minimize the overall exposure to noise on the ground and at the same time maintain the required levels of flight safety.
The procedures herein describe the methods for noise abatement when a problem is shown to exist. They have been designed for application to turbojet aeroplanes. They can comprise any one or more of the following:
a) use of noise preferential runways to direct the initial and final flight paths of aeroplanes away from noise- sensitive areas;
b) use of noise preferential routes to assist aeroplanes in avoiding noise-sensitive areas on departure and arrival, including the use of turns to direct aeroplanes away from noise-sensitive areas located under or adjacent to the usual take-off and approach flight paths; and
c) use of noise abatement take-off or approach procedures, designed to minimize the overall exposure to noise on the ground and at the same time maintain the required levels of flight safety.
- 1.1 Preferred runway directions for take-off and landing, appropriate to the operation, are nominated for noise abatement purposes, the objective being to utilize whenever possible those runways that permit aeroplanes to avoid noise-sensitive areas during the initial departure and final approach phases of flight.
- 1.2 Runways should not normally be selected for preferential use for landing unless they are equipped with suitable glide path guidance, e.g. ILS, or a visual approach slope indicator system for operations in visual meteorological conditions.
Noise abatement should not be the determining factor in runway nomination under the following circumstances:
a) if the runway surface conditions are adversely affected (e.g. by snow, slush, ice or water, mud, rubber, oil or other substances);
b) for landing in conditions when the ceiling is lower than 150 m (___ ft) above aerodrome elevation, or for take- off and landing when the horizontal visibility is less than 1.9 km (_ NM);
c) when the crosswind component, including gusts, exceeds 28 km/h (__ kt);
d) when the tailwind component, including gusts, exceeds 9 km/h (_ kt); and
e) when wind shear has been reported or forecast or when adverse weather conditions, e.g. thunderstorms, are expected to affect the approach or departure.
a) if the runway surface conditions are adversely affected (e.g. by snow, slush, ice or water, mud, rubber, oil or other substances);
b) for landing in conditions when the ceiling is lower than 150 m (500 ft) above aerodrome elevation, or for take- off and landing when the horizontal visibility is less than 1.9 km (1 NM);
c) when the crosswind component, including gusts, exceeds 28 km/h (15 kt);
d) when the tailwind component, including gusts, exceeds 9 km/h (5 kt); and
e) when wind shear has been reported or forecast or when adverse weather conditions, e.g. thunderstorms, are expected to affect the approach or departure.
Noise Abatement Procedures:
Describe the difference between NADP 1 and NADP 2 -
NADP 1:
1) TAKE-OFF TO ____FT AGL
i) Take-off power/thrust
ii) Speed, climb at V_+__knots
2) AT ____FT AGL
i) Power/thrust reduction is initiated in accordance with the noise abatement power/ thrust schedule provided in the aircraft operating manual.
3) ___FT AGL TO _____FT AGL
i) Climb at V_+__ to __ knots
ii) Reduced power/thrust is maintained to 900M (3000FT)
iii) Maintain with flaps/slats in take-off configuration.
4) AT _____FT AGL
i) On reaching 900M (3000FT) maintain positive rate of climb.
ii) Accelerate smoothly to en-route climb speed
iii) Retract flaps/slats on schedule.
iv) In addition, all aircraft at or below FL___ will fly a maximum speed of ____KIAS. No jet aircraft are to use RWY or TWY intersection for take-off at any airport within South Africa between the hours of ____-0____.
NADP 2:
1) Take-off to ____FT AGL
i) Take-off power/thrust
ii) Speed, climb at V_+__ to __knots
2) At ___FT AGL
i) While maintaining a positive rate of climb, body angle reduced.
ii) Flaps/Slats are retracted on schedule
iii) Aircraft is accelerated towards VZF.
3) ___FT AGL to _____FT AGL
i) Power/Thrust is reduced during the flap/slat retraction sequence at a point that ensures satisfactory acceleration performance.
ii) At 3000FT AGL
iii) On reaching 900M (3000FT), transition smoothly to en-route climb speed.
NADP 1 is a noise reduction method in close proximity to the departure end of runway.
NADP 2 is a noise reduction method for areas more distant from the runway end.
NADP 1:
1) TAKE-OFF TO 800FT AGL
i) Take-off power/thrust
ii) Speed, climb at V2+10knots (V2+20km/h)
2) AT 800FT AGL
i) Power/thrust reduction is initiated in accordance with the noise abatement power/ thrust schedule provided in the aircraft operating manual.
3) 800FT AGL TO 3000FT AGL
i) Climb at V2+10 to 20km/h).
ii) Reduced power/thrust is maintained to 900M (3000FT)
iii) Maintain with flaps/slats in take-off configuration.
4) AT 3000FT AGL
i) On reaching 900M (3000FT) maintain positive rate of climb.
ii) Accelerate smoothly to en-route climb speed
iii) Retract flaps/slats on schedule.
iv) In addition, all aircraft at or below FL100 will fly a maximum speed of 250KIAS. No jet aircraft are to use RWY or TWY intersection for take-off at any airport within South Africa between the hours of 2000-0400.
NADP 2:
1) Take-off to 800FT AGL
i) Take-off power/thrust
ii) Speed, climb at V2+10 to 20knots (V2+20 to 40km/h)
2) At 800FT AGL
i) While maintaining a positive rate of climb, body angle reduced.
ii) Flaps/Slats are retracted on schedule
iii) Aircraft is accelerated towards VZF.
3) 800FT AGL to 3000FT AGL
i) Power/Thrust is reduced during the flap/slat retraction sequence at a point that ensures satisfactory acceleration performance.
ii) At 3000FT AGL
iii) On reaching 900M (3000FT), transition smoothly to en-route climb speed.
- 2.1 Noise preferential routes are established to ensure that departing and arriving aeroplanes avoid over-flying noise-sensitive areas in the vicinity of the aerodrome as far as practicable.
- 2.2 In establishing noise preferential routes:
a) turns during take-off and climb should not be required unless:
1) the aeroplane has reached (and can maintain throughout the turn) a height of not less than 150 m (___ ft) above terrain and the highest obstacles under the flight path;
Note.— PANS-OPS, Volume II, permits turns after take-off at 120 m (400 ft) and obstacle clearance of at least 90 m (300 ft) during the aeroplane’s turn. These are minimum requirements for noise abatement purposes.
2) the bank angle for turns after take-off is limited to __° except where adequate provision is made for an acceleration phase permitting attainment of safe speeds for bank angles greater than __°;
b) no turns should be required coincident with a reduction of ____ associated with a noise abatement procedure; and
c) sufficient navigation guidance should be provided to permit aeroplanes to adhere to the designated route.
2.2.1 Noise preferential routes are established to ensure that departing and arriving aeroplanes avoid over-flying noise-sensitive areas in the vicinity of the aerodrome as far as practicable.
- 2.2 In establishing noise preferential routes:
a) turns during take-off and climb should not be required unless:
1) the aeroplane has reached (and can maintain throughout the turn) a height of not less than 150 m (500 ft) above terrain and the highest obstacles under the flight path;
Note.— PANS-OPS, Volume II, permits turns after take-off at 120 m (400 ft) and obstacle clearance of at least 90 m (300 ft) during the aeroplane’s turn. These are minimum requirements for noise abatement purposes.
2) the bank angle for turns after take-off is limited to 15° except where adequate provision is made for an acceleration phase permitting attainment of safe speeds for bank angles greater than 15°;
b) no turns should be required coincident with a reduction of power associated with a noise abatement procedure; and
c) sufficient navigation guidance should be provided to permit aeroplanes to adhere to the designated route.
- 2.3 In establishing noise preferential routes, the safety criteria of standard departure and standard arrival routes regarding obstacle clearance climb gradients and other factors should be taken into full consideration (see PANS-OPS, Volume II).
- 2.4 Where noise preferential routes are established, these routes and standard departure and arrival routes should be compatible (see Annex 11, Appendix 3).
- 2.5 An aeroplane should not be diverted from its assigned route unless:
a) in the case of a departing aeroplane, it has attained the altitude or height which represents the upper limit for noise abatement procedures; or
b) it is necessary for the safety of the aeroplane (e.g. for avoidance of severe weather or to resolve a traffic conflict).
- 2.3 In establishing noise preferential routes, the safety criteria of standard departure and standard arrival routes regarding obstacle clearance climb gradients and other factors should be taken into full consideration (see PANS-OPS, Volume II).
- 2.4 Where noise preferential routes are established, these routes and standard departure and arrival routes should be compatible (see Annex 11, Appendix 3).
- 2.5 An aeroplane should not be diverted from its assigned route unless:
a) in the case of a departing aeroplane, it has attained the altitude or height which represents the upper limit for noise abatement procedures; or
b) it is necessary for the safety of the aeroplane (e.g. for avoidance of severe weather or to resolve a traffic conflict).
Noise abatement climb — Example of a procedure alleviating noise close to the aerodrome (NADP 1) ICAO:
This procedure involves a ____ ________ __ or ____ the prescribed minimum altitude and the ____ of flap/slat retraction until the prescribed maximum altitude is attained. At the prescribed maximum altitude, ________ and retract flaps/slats on schedule while maintaining a positive rate of climb, and complete the transition to normal en- route climb speed.
- 2 The noise abatement procedure is not to be initiated at less than 240 m (___ ft) above aerodrome elevation.
- 3 The initial climbing speed to the noise abatement initiation point shall not be less than V2 + __ knots
2.4 On reaching an altitude at or above 240 m (___ ft) above aerodrome elevation, adjust and maintain engine
power/thrust in accordance with the noise abatement power/thrust schedule provided in the aircraft operating manual. Maintain a climb speed of V2 + __ to __ knots with flaps and slats in the ______ configuration.
- 5 At no more than an altitude equivalent to ______ ft above aerodrome elevation, while maintaining a positive rate of climb, _________ and ____ flaps/slats on schedule.
- 6 At 900 m ______ ft above aerodrome elevation, accelerate to en-route climb speed.
Noise abatement climb — Example of a procedure alleviating noise close to the aerodrome (NADP 1) ICAO:
This procedure involves a power reduction at or above the prescribed minimum altitude and the delay of flap/slat retraction until the prescribed maximum altitude is attained. At the prescribed maximum altitude, accelerate and retract flaps/slats on schedule while maintaining a positive rate of climb, and complete the transition to normal en- route climb speed.
- 2 The noise abatement procedure is not to be initiated at less than 240 m (800 ft) above aerodrome elevation.
- 3 The initial climbing speed to the noise abatement initiation point shall not be less than V2 + 10 knots
2.4 On reaching an altitude at or above 240 m (800 ft) above aerodrome elevation, adjust and maintain engine
power/thrust in accordance with the noise abatement power/thrust schedule provided in the aircraft operating manual. Maintain a climb speed of V2 + 10 to 20 knots with flaps and slats in the take-off configuration.
- 5 At no more than an altitude equivalent to 3000 ft above aerodrome elevation, while maintaining a positive rate of climb, accelerate and retract flaps/slats on schedule.
- 6 At 900 m 3 000 ft above aerodrome elevation, accelerate to en-route climb speed.
Noise abatement climb — Example of a procedure alleviating noise close to the aerodrome (NADP 1) ICAO:
This procedure involves a ____ ________ __ or ____ the prescribed minimum altitude and the ____ of flap/slat retraction until the prescribed maximum altitude is attained. At the prescribed maximum altitude, ________ and retract flaps/slats on schedule while maintaining a positive rate of climb, and complete the transition to normal en- route climb speed.
- 2 The noise abatement procedure is not to be initiated at less than 240 m (___ ft) above aerodrome elevation.
- 3 The initial climbing speed to the noise abatement initiation point shall not be less than V2 + __ knots
2.4 On reaching an altitude at or above 240 m (___ ft) above aerodrome elevation, adjust and maintain engine
power/thrust in accordance with the noise abatement power/thrust schedule provided in the aircraft operating manual. Maintain a climb speed of V2 + __ to __ knots with flaps and slats in the ______ configuration.
- 5 At no more than an altitude equivalent to ______ ft above aerodrome elevation, while maintaining a positive rate of climb, _________ and ____ flaps/slats on schedule.
- 6 At 900 m ______ ft above aerodrome elevation, accelerate to en-route climb speed.
Noise abatement climb — Example of a procedure alleviating noise close to the aerodrome (NADP 1) ICAO:
This procedure involves a power reduction at or above the prescribed minimum altitude and the delay of flap/slat retraction until the prescribed maximum altitude is attained. At the prescribed maximum altitude, accelerate and retract flaps/slats on schedule while maintaining a positive rate of climb, and complete the transition to normal en- route climb speed.
- 2 The noise abatement procedure is not to be initiated at less than 240 m (800 ft) above aerodrome elevation.
- 3 The initial climbing speed to the noise abatement initiation point shall not be less than V2 + 10 knots
2.4 On reaching an altitude at or above 240 m (800 ft) above aerodrome elevation, adjust and maintain engine
power/thrust in accordance with the noise abatement power/thrust schedule provided in the aircraft operating manual. Maintain a climb speed of V2 + 10 to 20 knots with flaps and slats in the take-off configuration.
- 5 At no more than an altitude equivalent to 3000 ft above aerodrome elevation, while maintaining a positive rate of climb, accelerate and retract flaps/slats on schedule.
- 6 At 900 m 3 000 ft above aerodrome elevation, accelerate to en-route climb speed.
Noise abatement climb — Example of a procedure alleviating noise distant from the aerodrome (NADP 2) ICAO:
- 1 This procedure involves initiation of __/__ retraction on reaching the minimum prescribed altitude. The flaps/slats are to be retracted on schedule while maintaining a positive rate of climb. The ____ ______ is to be performed with the initiation of the first ___/___ retraction or when the zero ___/___ configuration is attained. At the prescribed altitude, complete the transition to normal en-route climb procedures.
- 2 The noise abatement procedure is not to be initiated at less than 240 m (___ ft) above aerodrome elevation.
- 3 The initial climbing speed to the noise abatement initiation point is V2 + __ to __ knots
3.4 On reaching an altitude equivalent to at least 240 m (___ ft) above aerodrome elevation, decrease aircraft
body angle/angle of pitch while maintaining a positive rate of climb, accelerate towards ___ and either:
a) _____ power with the initiation of the ___ flap/slat retraction; or
b) reduce power ____ flap/slat retraction.
- 5 Maintain a positive rate of climb, and accelerate to and maintain a climb speed of ___ + __ to __ knots to 900 m (_____ ft) above aerodrome elevation.
- 6 On reaching 900 m (_____ ft) above aerodrome elevation, transition to normal en-route climb speed.
- 7 An aeroplane should not be diverted from its assigned route unless:
a) in the case of a departing aeroplane it has attained the altitude or height which represents the upper limit for noise abatement procedures; or
b) it is necessary for the safety of the aeroplane (e.g. for avoidance of severe weather or to resolve a traffic conflict).
Noise abatement climb — Example of a procedure alleviating noise distant from the aerodrome (NADP 2) ICAO:
- 1 This procedure involves initiation of flap/slat retraction on reaching the minimum prescribed altitude. The flaps/slats are to be retracted on schedule while maintaining a positive rate of climb. The power reduction is to be performed with the initiation of the first flap/slat retraction or when the zero flap/slat configuration is attained. At the prescribed altitude, complete the transition to normal en-route climb procedures.
- 2 The noise abatement procedure is not to be initiated at less than 240 m (800 ft) above aerodrome elevation.
- 3 The initial climbing speed to the noise abatement initiation point is V2 + 20 to 40 km/h (10 to 20 kt).
3.4 On reaching an altitude equivalent to at least 240 m (800 ft) above aerodrome elevation, decrease aircraft
body angle/angle of pitch while maintaining a positive rate of climb, accelerate towards VZF and either:
a) reduce power with the initiation of the first flap/slat retraction; or
b) reduce power after flap/slat retraction.
- 5 Maintain a positive rate of climb, and accelerate to and maintain a climb speed of VZF + 20 to 40 km/h (10 to 20 kt) to 900 m (3 000 ft) above aerodrome elevation.
- 6 On reaching 900 m (3 000 ft) above aerodrome elevation, transition to normal en-route climb speed.
- 7 An aeroplane should not be diverted from its assigned route unless:
a) in the case of a departing aeroplane it has attained the altitude or height which represents the upper limit for noise abatement procedures; or
b) it is necessary for the safety of the aeroplane (e.g. for avoidance of severe weather or to resolve a traffic conflict).
