Diuretics Flashcards
What is an extremely important implementation for any diuretic?
Weights daily
Thiazide Diuretics
Hydrochlorothiazide, Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone
What are the classes of Diuretics?
Thiazides, Loop, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors, Potassium Sparing Diuretics, Osmotic Diuretics
What are the indications for Diuretics?
HTN, CHF, Edema, liver/renal disease
What are adverse effects for Diuretics?
Dizziness, weakness, especially when standing
Loop Diuretics are
Bumetanide, Furosemide, Torsemide
T or F Loop Diuretics are “high cieling” diuretics?
T
What labs should we look at for Loop Diuretics?
Potassium (lots of K is excreted check for hypokalemia)
What is a specific adverse effect of Loop Diuretics
hypokalemia and ototoxicity (look for ear ringing)
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Acetazolamide
What allergy should we look for in Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Sulfonamides/thiazides = chemically the same so could be allergic to carbonic anhydrase
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
Spironolactone, Triamterene
What is the indication for Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
adjunction with thiazides/loop diuretics
Hyperkalemia s/s
Muscle weakness
Urine output decrease
Respiratory distress
Decreased cardiac contractility
EKG changes
Reflexes are either too much or too little
Low Androgen effects
Gynecomastia
Irregular menses
High Androgen
Hirsutism
Deep voice
Osmotic Diuretics
Mannitol
Indications of Mannitol
Treat increased ICP
Acute renal failure
Decrease IOP before eye surgury/acute attacks
What is a huge contraindication for Mannitol
Intracranial bleeding (will make the bleed worse)
T or F Diuretics make sugar worse
T, make sure to assess for hyperglycemia on DM pts taking diuretics
Hypokalemia s/s
Lethargy
Leg cramps
Limp Muscles
Low shallow resp
Lethal cardiac dysrhythmias
Lots of urine
