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Pharmacology > Antivirals > Flashcards

Antivirals Flashcards

1
Q

Characterics of common viruses

A

virus cannot replicate on its own
enters host cell to use host DNA to replicate
makes them very hard to kill

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2
Q

T or F antivirals kill the disease for most viral diseases

A

F, usually puts it in remission

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3
Q

Antivirals for RSV and Flu

A

Amantadine
Oseltamivir
Peramivir
Rimantadine
zanamivir

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4
Q

What is Peramivir associated with

A

Stevens Johnson Syndrome

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5
Q

What are the actions of anti flu/RSV

A

stop viral replication

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6
Q

ADE of Antiviral Flu/RSV

A

Dizzy/insomnia/N/ortho hypoTN/urinary retention

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7
Q

Agents for Herpes/Cytomegalovirus

A

Acyclovir
Ganciclovir
Valacyclovir
Valganciclovir

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8
Q

Assess for Antiflu/RSV

A

contras/cautions
physical assessment
monitor renal/hepatic labs

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9
Q

Implementation of anti flu/RSV

A

start drug as soon as s/s start

admin full course of the drug

admin flu a vaccine before flu season

pt teaching about appropriate dosage

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10
Q

Indications of Antiviral for HSV/CMV

A

inhibit viral DNA

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11
Q

Contraindications of Antivirals for HSV/CMV

A

known allergy, highly toxic for pregnancy/lact, renal disease, dizzy/HA

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12
Q

ADE of antivirals for Herpes

A

N/V/HA/rash/hair loss/paresthsias/neuropathy/renal dysfunction

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13
Q

DDi of Antiviral for herpes

A

nephrotoxic drugs
zidovudine

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14
Q

What is a priority to check for Herpes meds?

A

Renal labs/function
lesions and assessing the lesions

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15
Q

T or F is good hydration important for herpes meds?

A

yes decreases chance of developing renal toxicity

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16
Q

When should herpes meds be implemented

A

as soon as a diagnosis

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17
Q

What is important to test about herpes meds?

A

The patient can still transmit the virus

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18
Q

What is the goal of herpes meds and to eval?

A

Decrease the recurrence and severity of the s/s of recurrence

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19
Q

Which lab test determines that pt will be able to fight off HIV/AIDs

A

CD4 elvels

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20
Q

Agents for HIV/AIDS

A

Nonucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Protease Inhibitors

Fusion inhibitors
CCR5 coreceptor antagonists

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors

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21
Q

T or F combo therapy is best for HIV/AIDS

A

Combo therapy attacks the virus at different stages of life

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22
Q

Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

A

Delavirdine
Efavirenz
Nevirapine

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23
Q

Actions of Nonnucleoside Rev. Transcriptase

A

bind directly to HIV reverse transcriptase blocking RNA/DNA to prevent growth of HIV

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24
Q

Contras

A

allergy, pregnancy, lactation (HIV can be transmitted to baby)

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25
Q

ADE of nonnucleoside rev. transcript. inhib.

A

N/V/D, dizzy, blurred vision, HA, flu-like s/s

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26
Q

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

A

Abacavir
Emtricitabine
Lamivudine
Tenofovir
Zidovudine

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27
Q

what nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhib changes body fat in the body?

A

Tenofovir

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28
Q

Actions of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

A

compete with naturally occurring nucleosides within the cell that the virus would use to build DNA chain

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29
Q

Cautions of Nucleoside Rever. Trans. Inhib.

A

hepatic dys, renal impair, bone marrow suppression

30
Q

ADE of Nuc Rev. Trans. Inhib.

A

hypersenstivity, pancreatitis, hepatomegaly, neurological probs, bone marrow suppression

31
Q

Protease inhibitors

A

“-navir”
darunavir
fosamprenavir
lopinavir
ritonavir
tipranavir

32
Q

Actions of Protease inhib

A

block protease act in HIV virus

33
Q

Contraindications of Protease inhib

A

lact and hepatic dysf

34
Q

ADE of Protease Inhib

A

N/V/D, changes in liver func, elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels, redistribution of fat, stevens-johnsons synd

35
Q

Fusion inhibitors

A

Enfuvirtide

36
Q

T or F Fusion inhibs are injected

A

T

37
Q

Actions of Enfuvirtide

A

prevent fusion of HIV with human cell membrane

38
Q

Cautions of Enfuvirtide

A

lung disease, pregnancy

39
Q

ADE of Fusion inhibitors

A

insomnia, depression, peripheral neuropathy, N/D, pneumonia, inj site rxn

40
Q

CCR5 Coreceptor Antagonist

A

Maraviroc

41
Q

Action of CCR5 antagonist

A

blocks receptor site on the cell membrane to which the HIV virus needs to interact to enter cell

42
Q

ADE of CCR5

A

Dizzy and changes in consciousnes, URIs

43
Q

What is the BBW of CCR5?

A

severe hepatotoxicity

44
Q

Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors

A

“-gravir”
Dolutegravir
Raltegravir

45
Q

Action of Int. Strand Trans. Inhibit.

A

inhibit the act of the virus-specific enzyme integrase to replicate HIV

46
Q

Cautions of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors

A

rhabdo, myopathy, pregnancy

47
Q

ADE of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibit.

A

HA, dizzy, insomnia, weight gain, liver failure, renal impair, SI

48
Q

DDI of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibit

A

decrease serum levels when combined with rifampin

49
Q

Assessment for Antivirals for HIV

A

Assess contras/cautions
LOC/reflexes
Skin: color,temp, lesions
Temperature for infection
CBC, hepatic and renal function

50
Q

What is important to teach the pt when taking antivirals for HIV?

A

follow the drug regimen
can still transmit disease
does not cure disease
undetectable does not equal cured
teach partners about PREP

51
Q

Eval for HIV meds

A

Eval drug effects, best way is CD4 levels
Complications of drug: yellow sclera, hepatomegaly

52
Q

Anti Hep B Agents

A

Adefovir, entecavir

53
Q

Action of anti Hpe B agents

A

inhibit viral replication

54
Q

ADE of Anti Hep B Meds

A

HA, Dizzy, N/D, elevated liver enzymes, renal impairment

55
Q

DDI of antihep B meds

A

increased risk of renal toxicity if taken with nephrotoxic drugs

56
Q

What is important to teach about Hep B Antivirals

A

continue taking meds so there is no exacerbation

57
Q

Anti Hep C Agent

A

velpatasvir-sofosbuvir
glecaprevir-pibrentasvir
elbasvir-grazoprevir

58
Q

Actions of AntiHep C Agents

A

alters viral replication used in combo to treat Hep C

59
Q

T or F all Hep C meds are combo

A

T

60
Q

Contraindications of Hep C meds

A

allergy, preg, lact

61
Q

Caution for hep C meds

A

severe liver disease

62
Q

ADE of hep C meds

A

HA, fatigue, N, D, rash, severe skin rxn

63
Q

DDI for anti hep c meds

A

protease inhibitors = increases toxicity
St. John’s wort = decrease hep c efficiency

64
Q

Assessment for anti hep c

A

assess contra/cautions
phys assessment = body temp, LOC, liver function

65
Q

Pt teaching that is important for hep c meds

A

these drugs do not cure disease
women should use barrier contraceptive
breastfeeding women should use alternative methods

66
Q

Locally active antiviral agents

A

docosanol, ganciclovir, penciclovir, acyclovir

67
Q

Actions of locally active antivirals

A

act on viruses by interfering w/ normal viral replication and metabolic processes

68
Q

contraindications for locally active antivirals

A

allergy

69
Q

ADE of locally active antivirals

A

local burning, stinging, discomfort

70
Q

Assessment of locally active antivirals

A

assess for allergy
assess lesions for baseline prior to admin
assess for s/s of infection

71
Q

Implementation for locally active antivirals

A

stop drug if severe local rxn occurs
if open lesions occur near the site of admin

72
Q

What pt teaching is important for local antivirals

A

drugs do not cure the disease
pt should report severe local rxn and discomfort

Pharmacology (21 decks)

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