Coagulation Modifiers Flashcards
Antiplatelet Agents
aspirin
clopidogrel
ticagrelor
Indications for Antiplatelet Agents
- prevent clogged vessels in heart and brain
-prevent stroke/TIA
-prevent MI
-keep surgical graft open
What is a major adverse effect of antiplatelet agents
Bleeding
Anticoagulation Agents
Heparin
Warfarin
“-xaban”
Rivaroxaban
Apicaban
Dabigatran
Indications of anticoagulants
prevent new clot formation (a fib/bed bound/ surgery)
prevent clots from getting bigger (DVT/PE/MI)
What blood tests would you get for Heparin
PTT (60-80)
What blood tests would you get for Warfarin
INR (2-3)
What drugs should you NOT take with anticoagulants
NSAIDs/Salicylates
Antiplatelets
Thrombolytics
(anything that increases bleeding)
Low Molecular Weight Heparin
Dalteparin
Enoxaparin
Indication of Low Molecular Weight Heparin
indicated for prevention of clots/emboli after surgery/ bed rest
Thrombolytic Agents “Clot Busters”
“teplase”
Alteplase
Reteplase
Tenecteplase
Indication
acute MI
pulmonary emboli
ischemic stroke
What do thrombolytics do?
breaks down clots (plasminogen > plasmin to break down fibrin threads in clots and dissolve it)
Hemorrheologic Agent
Pentoxifylline
What does Pentoxifylline do?
Decreases platelet aggregation and decreases fibrinogen in blood
improves blood flow
used in treatment of intermittent claudication
CV stim effects
Antihemophilic
“factor”
Indication of Antihemophilic
“factor” drugs are used to prevent blood loss and replace clotting factors
-bone marrow disorders
-liver disease
- hemophilia
Adverse effects of clotting “factors”
it is injection so stinging, itching, burning at site
HA, flushing, fever, chills, lethargy
risks associated with use of blood products (inflammatory response)
Hemostatic Agents
systemic: aminocaproic acid
topical: absorbable gelatin, collagen, fibrin, thrombin
Indications for hemostatic agents
systemic: prevent clot breakdown to prevent blood loss
topical: surface injuries involving damage to small vessels in the area that clotting does not occur and blood is slowly and continually lost
Adverse effects
sys: excess clotting, malaise, muscle pain, CNS,GI weak
topical: infection with sponges
