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Boards DIT > DIT Protozoa > Flashcards

DIT Protozoa Flashcards

1
Q

Pathology with strawberry tongue?

A

Scarlet Fever and Kawasaki are the biggies

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2
Q

Severe diarrhea in HIV? How is it prevented?

A

Cryptosporidium

It is in water supplies, but water treatment plant filtration systems get rid of oocysts

mild diarrhea in immunocompetent

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3
Q

Giardia is from what? Symptoms?

What does it look like?

A

From cysts from an animal that shit in a stream (campers worry about it)

trophozoites (4 flagella and spins/tumbles) look like two nucleus in a pear shape

Greasy fatty stools b/c trophozoites block absorption of fats

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4
Q

Tx for foul smelling fatty diarrhea in a camper who has cysts and trophozoites in stool?

A

Metronidazole

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5
Q

How do you recognize cryptosporidium?

A

oocysts in acid fast stain in shit

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6
Q

Owl eye appearance in diarrhea?

A

Trophozoite of giardia

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7
Q

Dysentery is from what bacteria? and from what protozoa?

A

Shigella

Ameaoba

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8
Q

Ameoba cysts look like what?

What organ is susceptible to abscess?

Tx?

A

It invades GI to make bloody shit

It can hit the liver and cause liver abscess

Cysts have multiple nuclei (2-4)

Metronidazole to kill trophozoites

Iodoquinol is to kill cysts

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9
Q

Metronidazole treat what? mnemonic alert

A

GET GAP on the Metro

Giardia
Entamoeba
Trichomonas

Gardnerella vaginalis
Anaerobic Bacteria
Pylori

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10
Q

Trichamonas vaginalis presentation?

Vaginal pH?

A

Vaginitis with could smelling green discharge

Higher vaginal pH

F's for trichomonas
Fucking (STD)
Foul smelling discharge
Flagella
Flagyl (metronidazole
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11
Q

Congenital toxoplasma?

A

triad: chorioretinitis, hydrocephalis and intracranial calcification in fetus

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12
Q

Ring lesion on MRI of head or aids patient needs biopsy for what?

A

Toxoplasma or primary CNS lymphoma can present as a similar way

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13
Q

Tx of toxoplasma?

A

Sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine

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14
Q

Where do you get naegleria fowler?mnemonic

What does it cause?

A

Think swimming inf FRESHWATER b/c Nalgine has fresh water containing Naegleria

Ameobas hit spinal fluid and cause RAPIDLY FATAL meningoencephalitis

A few survivors with amphotericin

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15
Q

What is trypanosome brucei?

Tx?

A

African sleeping sickness form a fly

Tx: SURamin is SURe nice to go to sleep. MELArsoprol is for CNS penetration and MELAtonin helps you sleep

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16
Q

What is trypanosome cruzi? What does it cause?

A

Protozoa causing big things

Dilated cardiomyopathy
Megaesophagus
Megacolon

(from the shit if a kissing bug)

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17
Q

What is triad from leishmania donovani?

How did you get it?

A

leishmania DONOVANi is DONOVAN mcnab: spiking footballs, drunk hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia b/c I said so

Spiking fevers
Hepatosplenomegaly
Pancytopenia

From the Sandfly

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18
Q

Fever cycles of malaria are how long for each bug? And what causes it?

A

Ovale and vivax: 48 hours
Falciparium: irregular severe fevers
Malariae: 72 hours

When RBC’s lyse

19
Q

What plasmodium is most severe? what is latent?

A

Falciparum is severe (longest name and longest list symptoms), parasitized RBC can occlude capillaries in even the brain

Ovale and Vivax are doormant so you need primaquine (V b/c girls have Vaginas and never go away)

20
Q

Which plasmodium has a banana shaped gametocyte?

A

Falciparum: b/c longest name and longest list of symptoms and longest shaped gametocyte

21
Q

Babesia symptoms?

Dx: IMPORTANT

how you got it?

A

Fever and hemolytic anemia

RING trophozoite in RBC and Maltese cross in RBC! (different RBCs will have different look)

Ticks (ixodes)

22
Q

Scotch tape test is for what bug?

Tx?

A

Enterobius (a roundwormworm) is treated with bendazole (b/c worms are bendy)

23
Q

Life cycle of ascaris?

A

Huge ASS worm is ascaris

Swallow eggs, eggs hatch in stomach and penetrate into small bowel. Then larvae move through venous system and into lungs where the break out and then go up trachea to be swallowed.

24
Q

What can cause loffler eosinophilic pneumonitis?

A

Ascaris b/c life cycle brings it through the lungs

25
Q

Tx of ascaris?

A

Bendazole or pyrantel pamoate

26
Q

What worms do you eat?

A

Enterobius, Ascaris, Trichinella

spells EAT. Trichenella is food, the others are fecal-oral

27
Q

What does trichinella come from? What does it cause?

A

Eating undercooked meat, causes myositis and periorbital edema

28
Q

Cycle of strongyloides?

Tx?

A

From soil through skin, in blood, through alveoli and then swallowed.

Similar to ascaris, but this is not eaten and is instead through skin

Tx is Ivermectin or bendazole

29
Q

Symptoms of strongyloides?

A

Intestinal infection with puke, diarrhea and epigastric pain (like an ulcer)

30
Q

Life of ancylostoma and nectar?

Symptoms:

A

Same as strongyloides and ascaris

Causes anemia b/c sucks blood from intestinal wall

Bendazoles and pyrantel pamoate

31
Q

What infections do you get form walking in dirt barefoot? mnemonic

A

SANd

Strongyloides, Ancylostoma and Necator

32
Q

Undercooked pork causing GI issues what do you think?

A

Taenia solium. Tx is praziquantel

33
Q

What do you consider if there is an immigrant having new CNS symptoms? Like seizure and psychiatric symptoms

A

Taenia solium (tapeworm from ingested eggs in undercooked pork)

it is neurocysticercosis and imaging shows what looks like hallowed out spot

34
Q

What determines the type of infection with taenia solum?

A

If ingested larvae, you get intestinal infection, if you eat eggs, you get cysticercosis of any tissue, even the brain

Tx is praziquentel for intestine

Albendazole for neurocystecosis with dexa so inflammation doesn’t hurt CNS more

35
Q

What can happen from diphyllobothrium?

A

Fish tapeworm: B12 deficiency b/c competing for cobalamin

praziquantal tx

36
Q

Schistosoma life cycle?

A

From feces of human, picked up by snails where they then spread to people

Swimmer’s itch

37
Q

Splenomegaly with itching after swimming?

A

Think schistosoma b/c get stuck in portal system and cause portal HTN

38
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma of bladder is associated with what type of fluke?

Presentation: hematuria in immigrant from central america or egypt

A

Schistosoma haematobium in egyption with hematuria.

39
Q

Tx of schistosoma?

A

Praziquanel

40
Q

Undercooked crab meat caused chronic bronchitis and hemoptysis from what?

tx

A

Paragonimus westermani

Chronic bronchitis and hemoptisus

praziquantel

41
Q

Pigmented gallstones and/or cholangio carcinoma should make you think of what?

A

Clonorchis sinensis from undercooked fish

42
Q

What causes elephantiasis?

A

Wuchereria bancrofti. “whatcha wearinga down in your crotch”

Hydrocele

43
Q

What is the fancy word for lice?

A

Pediculosis

Boards DIT (43 decks)

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