DIT Micro G+ Flashcards
Identify strep agalactaie
cat - beta hem bacitracin resistant (also has capsule so quelling)
Identify strep pneumo
cat - alpha hemo opti sensitive (also quelling pos b/c casule)
identify strep viridans
cat - alpha hem opti r and no capsule
Identify enteroccosus
catalase - gamma hemolysis (none) Grows in bile and in Na 6.25% (makes sense it grows in rough places)
Anearobic g+ rod?
Clostridium (yeah its anaerobic, that shit C botulinum grows in jarred beans, there is no air in that)
G+ rods?
Corynebacterium, listeria, bacillus, mycobacterium
G+ branching filament that anaerobic?
actinomyces and not acid fast
G+ branching that is acid fast and aerobic?
nocardia
MRSA is resistant to methicillin how? What can it cause?
Altered Penicillin binding protein.
Skin infections and abscess and much more!!!
What is protein A?
Staph makes it and it binds immunoglobulin
Disrupts opsonization and phagocytosis
What makes yellow colonies?
Yellow granules?
Blue green pigment?
Red pigment?
Staph Auereus (aureus means gold)
Actinomyces isrealii (isreal has yellow sand
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Auregeno is green
Serrratia marcescens (marachino cherry is red)
When does staph epidermis cause problems? Treatment?
Enters blood stream and hits up the foreign things.
Prosthetic valves and joints
Lots of resistance. Use Vanco+/- rifampin (Q bank)
Staph Staph sapro causes what?
Second most common cause of UTI. 10-20% of them and prevalent in sexually active females
What is strep pnumo the most common cause of (4 things). How do they describe it on a test?
MOPS
Meningitis Otitis media Pneumonia Sinusitis Splenectomy: fulminent septicemia
lobar consolidation
Sudden chills
Rust or brown colored sputum
S pneumo virulance factors?
Capsule! (SHiN SKiPS) IgA protease (SHiN)
Strep Pneumo, H influ, Neis m, Salmonella (b/c sickle cell osteomyelitis after autosplenectomy) klebsiella, Psuedomonas Strep Agalactiae
What do you use for a prophylaxis if turbulent heart flow problem before dental procedure? What are your dying to make sure you don’t get?
Amoxicillin to prevent strep sanguinis from endocarditis. No turbulent flow would cause no problems
What causes necrotizing fasciitis?
Strep pyogenes (i guess bacitracin on wounds might be a good idea)
What skin infection can staph a and strep pyogenes both cause?
Cellulitis and impetigo?
How duo you diagnose rheumatic fever?
Jones criteria.
1. Recent group A strep
2 major criteria or one major and two minor
Joints <3 pancarditis (endo/peri/myo) Nodues Erythema marginatum (can appear and disappear) Sydenham chorea
Minor: less specific. Just know the top
What does group B strep cause? What do docs do about it?
pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis in babies most often b/c normal flora in 25% of women who are asymptomatic
Do a vaginal swab at 35-37 weeks then give penicillin during labor to protect the neonate
What do you consider for neonatal sepsis?
Group B strep
E coli
Listeria
What can enterococci cause?
UTI, biliary tract infection and subacute endocarditis after GI procedure.
Hardy bug
What is a hardy bacteria?
Enterococci (makes sense b/c it lives in shit)
Grow in 6.5 NaCl and bile
Resistant to pen G
Some are vanco resistant (VRE is vancomycin resistant enterococcus)
Enterobacter vs enterococcus?
Enterobacter is G- rod
Enterococcus is G+ rod
What do consider if strep bogus causes subacute colon cancer?
Cancer colon!
What can cause subacute endocarditis?
Strep viridans (most common) Enterococci Strep bovis (colon cancer) Coag (-) staph HACEK
Haemophilis a Actinobacillus Cardiobacterium Eikenella Kingella
What toxin is similar to that produced by diphtheria?
Psuedomonas exotoxin A also stops EF-2
pseudomembrane toxin similar to pseudomonas exotoxin a!
Spore forming G+ rods are obligate anaerobes?
Clostridia
Anthrax
Botulism
Tetanis
Perphringes
What does psuedomonas alpha toxin do?
Clostridium. phospholipase that makes GAS GANGRENE and myonecrosis.
Enterotoxin also for food poisoning
C diff toxins?
Toxin A is for binding brush border
Toxin B is cytotoxin causing actin depolimerization
Bacillus anthraces produces what?
Aerobic G+
Edema factor
Cutaneous
spores under skin to large black escar
What are the obligate anaerobes? How do you treat?
Cant Breath Air
Clostridium (G+)
Bacteroides (G-)
Actinomyces (G+)
Metronidazole or clindamicin
What is only gram + to make LPS?
Listeria (can cause sepsis)
How do you recognize and treat actinomyces?
Usually around face and yellow pus coming out (actinomyces is yellow granules producing!)
Tx is penicillin
Nocardia recogniziton and tx?
acid fast and filamentous aerobe
Sulfa
