DIT DNA viruses Flashcards
What can cause temporal lobe encephalitis?
HSV1
most common cause of sporadic encephalitis in US
Where does HSV 1 lay dormant?
Trigeminal ganglia (sensory neurons)
What causes keratoconjucntivitis and herpes labialis among other things?
HSV-1
Where does HSV-2 lay dormant?
Sacral nerve root ganglia
What type of virus is VZV? where is it latent?
varicella zoster is latent in DRG.
It is a herpes virus (HHV-3)
What do you see with positive Tzanck smear?
What tests positive?
HSV 1, 2, or VZV (makes sesnse, the ones that blister b/c you take the cells from the bottom of blisters)
Multinucleated giant cells
What has cowry bodies?
What are they?
HHV 1-3 (cows have herpes)
Intranuclear eosinophilic inclusions
What is sign and symptoms of EBV?
What happens if you mistreat it? IMPORTANT TO KNOW!
Looks like strep
Fever
Sore throat
Lymphadenopathy (post cervical nodes)
Exudative pharyngitis
Don’t give amoxicillin, otherwise you GET A RASH. Maculopapular rash of turn and extremeties
What is Dx of EBV (aka HHV4)?
Monospot test: heterophile antibodies destroy HORSE and SHEEP RBCs
Mononucleosis but negative heterophile test? What is differential Dx?
CMV ACUTE HIV DONT MISS acute toxoplasmosis viral hep strept throat
EBV associated malignancies?
remember, latent in body for long time
Hodgkin lymphoma Burkitt lymphoma Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Diffuse large cell lymphoma Oral leukoplakia Lymphoproliferative disorder
What are risks of CMV in AIDS?
Retinitis “sightomegalovirus”
Ulcer in GI tract
Esophagitis
What cells are infected by CMV?
Mononuclear cells. Cells. can be latently infected forever
What is roseola progression? What is the complication?
3-5 day fever (more than 102) followed by diffuse maculopapular rash (blotchy red everywhere)
Complication is possible febrile seizures.
Will be in kid before 2 years old
Dark flat nodular skin lesions in immunocompromised is what?
What can be affected?
Kaposi sarcoma. HHV-8.
Can affect GI and lungs (later can cause hemoptysis)
Acyclovir is for what diseases? Mechanism?
Side effects?
HSV, and VZV and weak EBV (no cmv)
Thymidine kinase of virus activates it to make a guanosine analog and interrupts transcription.
Maybe renal affects if poor hydration
Ganciclovir is for what disease?
Mechanism?
Toxicity?
5’ monophosphate formed by CMV viral kinase and it is a guanosine analo
CMV IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED
TOX: lower blood founds and higher creatinine (bone marrow suppression and renal tox)
Foscarnet is for what?
MEchanism?
Tox?
pyroFOSphate drug is FOScarnet
Inhibits DNA polymerase without activation of viral kinase
Renal tox (again) and anemia (makes sense)
Use: resistant HSV and CMV retinitis in immunocompromised who aren’t responding
What are Downey cells?
T cells attacking EBV infection (they are the atypical T cells (not infected, just aggressive))
Lactulose mechanism?
Acidifies GI to trap NH4 and you won’t asorb it when hyeprammonia
Homogentisic acid oxidase deficiency causes what?
alkaptonuria
Sickle cell patient has aplastic anemia. What is Dx?
Aplastic crisis in parvovirus (ssDNA)
Parvovirus presentation?
Kid with slapped cheeks
Adult: Rh arthritis like symptoms that resolves after a few weeks
What virus can cause hydrops fettles and miscarriage?
Parvovirus. (it is part of the Other in TORCH infections)
What papillomaviruses are bad?
What causes common warts?
Genome?
16 and 18 are bad
1 and 2 are common warts
Circular dsDNA
Which DNA virus have circular DNA?
O for circular in the Omavirus and hepadenavirus is partially stranded circular
papillOmavirus
polyOmavirus
Kid with URI followed by diarrhea. What is dx?
Adenovirus
What virus can cause aute hemorrhagic cystitis?
Adenovirus
Patient has flewsh colored dome lesions with central dimple. What is dx?
Molluscum contagiosum: VERY CONTAGIOUS. Leave them alone
Poxvirus. LARGE DNA VIRUS
Pox viruses are what?
Small pox
Cowpox (can be used as smallpox vaccine, duh)
Molluscum contagiosum
What is multifocal encephalitis in HIV? What other virus is of this family?
JC virus: progresive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV
It is a polyOmavirus (circular DNA)
BK virus is Bad Kidney in transplant patients
What DNA virus has reverse transcriptase?
Hepadnavirus. It is HBV
partially double stranded circular
Enters nucleus, it is transcribed, then reverse transcribed into its DNA
