Digestive Intensive - Week 2

Question 1

6 Major Functions in the Digestion System

Answer 1

I Make Dough So Act Excited
1. Ingestion
2. Mechanical Processing
3. Digestion
4. Secretion
5. Absorption
6. Excretion

Question 2

Two additional functions of the digestive system

Answer 2

1. Protection
2. Transit Time

Question 3

Occurs when materials enter the digestive tract via the mouth. It’s an active process that should involve conscious choice & decision-making

Answer 3

Ingestion

Question 4

The crushing and tearing of food that makes it easier to mobilize through and along the digestive tract. It requires the use of muscles.

Answer 4

Mechanical processing

Question 5

The function of mechanical processing is to ….

Answer 5

increase the surface area of the food by breaking it down, making the food particles more susceptible to enzyme reach

Question 6

Examples of mechanical processing

Answer 6

• shearing & mashing with teeth
• compaction of squashing with the tongue
• peristalsis in esophagus
• swirling, mixing, and churning in the stomach & intestines

Question 7

The chemical breakdown of food

Answer 7

digestion

Question 8

Digestion is what actually splits the __ __ into the small __ __ that are suitable for digestion

Answer 8

food molecules; organic fragments

Question 9

Some simple molecules in food can be absorbed into the bloodstream intact

Answer 9

glucose, amino acids & fatty acids

Question 10

Molecules the size of __ or , __ (long chains of sugars) and __ (branched fats attached to a glycerol molecule) cannot be absorbed into the bloodstream intact

Answer 10

proteins or peptides; polysaccharides; triglycerides

Question 11

The molecules from your food must be chemically disassembled by digestive enzymes in order for __ to take place

Answer 11

absorption

Question 12

The release of several substances from the digestive tract and glandular organs

Answer 12

Secretion

Question 13

The substances secreted include..

Answer 13

We Ate Everything But Salad
1. Water
2. Acids (in stomach)
3. Enzymes (those proteins that act like keys)
4. Buffers (compounds that stabilize that pH balance)
5. Salts (bile salts which are secreted by your liver & gall bladder)

Question 14

The functional phase where those digested molecules, electrolytes, vitamins and waters cross into the intestinal fluid of the digestive tract

Answer 14

Absorption

Question 15

The major organ of absorption is…

Answer 15

SI

Question 16

3 ways nutrients are absorbed

Answer 16

1. simple diffusion
2. facilitated diffusion
3. active transport

Question 17

Simple Diffusion

Answer 17

like fatty acids that just pass through freely

Question 18

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 18

water-soluble vitamins that hitchhike onto a carrier to get transported into the blood

Question 19

Active Transport

Answer 19

the glucose & amino acid molecules that require some energy for that facilitated diffusion to take place

Question 20

The removal of waste products or the stuff we don’t want

Answer 20

Excretion

Question 21

(Protection) The are three major ways that the digestive system plays a role in safeguarding the surrounding tissues of the body.

Answer 21

1. protects against the corrosive effects of the digestive acids & enzymes
2. protects against all the mechanical stress from the digestive system
3. protects the rest of the body from any foreign bacteria that came into the body through food we eat or that already resides in the digestive system

Question 22

The time it takes food to functionally digest, assimilate & excrete

Answer 22

transit time

Question 23

The time require for material to move thru the digestive tube is affected by the below factors:

Answer 23

1. composition of the meal
2. pyschological stress
3. gender
4. endocrine status
5. medications

Question 24

Total emptying of the stomach occurs __ to __ hours after eating

Answer 24

4-5 hours

Question 25

50% emptying of the small intestine happens _- to __ hours after the food reaches the intestine

Answer 25

2.5-3 hours

Question 26

Transit time through the colon occurs in about __ to __ hours after eating

Answer 26

16 - 40 hours

Question 27

___ takes the longest to digest. Digestion of this macronutrient starts in the SI.

Answer 27

Fat

Question 28

__ digests the fastest since digestion of this macronutrient starts in the mouth

Answer 28

Carbs

Question 29

The second fastest macronutrient to move through the system. Digestion of this begins ins the stomach where protein molecules begin to uncoil when mixed with gastric acid which makes them available to gastric protease enzymes that can break down __.

Answer 29

Proteins

Question 30

Factors that impact transit time

Answer 30

1. Exercise
2. Overeating
3. Processed foods
4. Chewing thoroughly (or not)

Question 31

Why food combining may work for some people?

Answer 31

1. foods that are not compatible in the stomach (aka they pass thru at differing times &b need different resources) prevent us from obtaining the nutrients from those foods
2. there is less gas & bloating when foods are digested easily and therefore more opp for the digestive system to heal
3. foods that are incompatible can cause an overproduction of alcohol and sugars in the GI tract (bacterial or yeast overgrowth)
4. Low stomach acid

Question 32

Rules of Food Combining

Answer 32

1. animal protein + non-starchy veggies
2. gains/grain-like seeds + non-starchy & starchy veggies
3. fruit alone / 30 min before a meal or fruit + protein + fat (fruit + nut smoothie)
4. Fats/oils + animal protein + grain-like seeds + any veggie
5. proteins/fats with other protein fats (avo, dairy & nuts)
6. protein/starches (beans, pulses, etc) + non-starchy & sea veggies