Digestive Intensive Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

In order for autoimmunity to occur there needs to be the perfect storm of 3 biological factors. What are they?

A
  1. genetic predisposition
  2. the makeup of bacteria in the gut
  3. the compromised integrity or permeability of the gut (aka leaky gut)
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2
Q

What are barrier systems?

A

There are several ways in which the inside of your body interacts with the outside world, between the two (inside & outside) you have the barrier systems that are designed to protect you and selectively be penetrable.

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3
Q

What are the main barrier systems?

A
  1. Skin & mucous membranes
  2. Digestive, respiratory, & gentourinary tract
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4
Q

What are some ways in which digestive health appears as digestive dysfunction?

A
  • heartburn
  • constipation
  • gas
    diarrhea
    -IBS
  • Crohn’s
  • Colitis
  • Candida
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5
Q

Mitochondria are?

A

The portion of every cell that transforms energy. They play a central role in our metabolism, vitality, and overall well-being.

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6
Q

The role of the mitochondria is?

A

The role of the mitochondria within each cell is to convert the chemical energy or fuel from the microscopic nutrition from the food we eat into a form that the cell can use to grow, reproduce, repair & respond.

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7
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

The process in which mitochondria turn food & oxygen into energy

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8
Q

When Mitochondria are not working properly, you suffer from symptoms like…

A
  • Low Energy like fatigue
  • Memory Loss
  • Rapid Aging
    ETC
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9
Q

The fuel that the mitochondria produces is ___. The mitochondria produces your ___ from the glucose in your bloodstream which was broken down from the carbs you ate.

A

ATP

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10
Q

If the food is toxic or the digestive system is impaired…

A

then the mitochondria are too…

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11
Q

The Journey of Your Food

A
  1. Oral Cavity
  2. Salivary Glands
  3. Esophagus
  4. Small Intestine
  5. Large Intestine/Colon
  6. Rectum/Anus
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12
Q

Overview of the Digestive Process

A
  1. Ingestion of macromolecules in food
  2. Enzymes are released from glands, which aid in breaking down macromolecules into smaller products able to be used by the cells
  3. Final products are absorbed into the bloodstream
  4. Final products are transported thru the bloodstream & finally delivered to cells where they can be used as nutrients
  5. Waste products are eliminated from the body
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13
Q

Something that is there to nourish, support growth, and maintain what the body has achieved and to repair what might need fixing

A

Nutrients

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14
Q

A macromolecule that’s broken down into peptides, which are broken down further into amino acids, which are are absorbed at the level of the SI

A

Proteins

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15
Q

A macronutrient that is broken down into monosaccarides such as glucose, fructose, and galactose..which are absorbed in the SI

A

Carbs

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16
Q

Macronutrients broken down into fatty acids, absorbed in the SI

A

Fats

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17
Q

Oral Cavity =

A

The Mouth

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18
Q

___ lubricates the food as someone chews their food. It aids in swallowing what will now be called a bolus

A

Saliva

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19
Q

3 Different Salivary Glands

A

Parotid, Sublingual, and Submandibular

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20
Q

Within the saliva there is an enzyme called ___ which assists in the chemical breakdown of carbs

21
Q

Two kinds of breakdown of food happening in the mouth

A
  1. Chemical - Assisted by the enzymes amylase
  2. Mechanical - facilitated by chewing
22
Q

The bolus moves into the oropharynx and slides up against the epiglottis, which diverts food from the respiratory path so it can travel on into the __

23
Q

The bolus heads to the long pipe on your diagram with rhythmic waves of smooth muscle contractions called…

A

Peristalsis

24
Q

The squeezing down action that happens along that long tube that leads from the mouth to the stomach; mucus release helps lubricate the travel

A

Peristalsis

25
Q

This organ releases highly acidic gastric secretions to destroy any bacteria or parasites that may have entered the body with the bolus.

26
Q

___ is the first line of defense against food-borne pathogens

A

gastric acidity

27
Q

Production of an enzyme called ___ begins the digestion and breakdown of proteins

28
Q

Mechanical + Chemical breakdown of carbs happens in the ___

29
Q

Mechanical breakdown of proteins happens in the ___

30
Q

Chemical breakdown of proteins happens in the ___

31
Q

The mixture of food substances entering the stomach in conjunction with the gastric secretions produced in the stomach

32
Q

The formation of ___ is what triggers the opening of the pyloric sphincter

33
Q

A 20-foot long journey that consists of 3 distinct parts

A

Small Intestine

34
Q

3 Parts of the SI

A

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum

35
Q

The final breakdown of food happens in the SI

A
  1. Protein into amino acids
  2. Carbs into glucose & other simple sugars
  3. Fats into fatty acids & glycerols
36
Q

The upper part of SI that introduces pancreatic enzymes to the chyme and bile from the gallbladder; the body’s primary location of digestion and the biggest area of the breakdown of nutrients

37
Q

The ___ has a lining that is specialized in the absorption of the carbs & proteins we eat

38
Q

Digestion =

39
Q

Absorption =

A

Uptake or the use of those nutrients

40
Q

The ___ function is to absorb vitamin B12 and Bile Salts and whatever products of digestion that were not absorbed by the Jejunum

41
Q

The wall of the SI is made of folds- each of which has many tiny finger-like projections known as ___

42
Q

The last straggling nutrients and waste products move out of the SI through the ileocecal valve and into the ___

A

Large Intestine/Colon

43
Q

Accessory Organs in the Digestive System

A

1- Teeth
2. Tongue
3. Liver
4. Gallbladder
5. Pancrease

44
Q

When the contents from the stomach enter into the SI in a more concentrated fashion than usual

A

Dumping Syndrome

45
Q

There are 3 different stages of dumping syndrome

A

Early, Middle, Late

46
Q

Fullness and/or nausea just 10-30 min after eating

A

Early stage of dumping syndrome

47
Q

Bloating, gas, abdominal pain, cramping, or diarrhea just 20 min-60 min after eating

A

Middle stage of dumping syndrome

48
Q

Reaction that looks like reactive hypoglycemia around 1-3 hours post eating - quick rise then fall in glucose levels appearing as flushing, rapid heartbeat, and feeling like it’s time to lie down

A

Late stage of dumping syndrome