Digestive Intensive Week 1 Flashcards
In order for autoimmunity to occur there needs to be the perfect storm of 3 biological factors. What are they?
- genetic predisposition
- the makeup of bacteria in the gut
- the compromised integrity or permeability of the gut (aka leaky gut)
What are barrier systems?
There are several ways in which the inside of your body interacts with the outside world, between the two (inside & outside) you have the barrier systems that are designed to protect you and selectively be penetrable.
What are the main barrier systems?
- Skin & mucous membranes
- Digestive, respiratory, & gentourinary tract
What are some ways in which digestive health appears as digestive dysfunction?
- heartburn
- constipation
- gas
diarrhea
-IBS - Crohn’s
- Colitis
- Candida
Mitochondria are?
The portion of every cell that transforms energy. They play a central role in our metabolism, vitality, and overall well-being.
The role of the mitochondria is?
The role of the mitochondria within each cell is to convert the chemical energy or fuel from the microscopic nutrition from the food we eat into a form that the cell can use to grow, reproduce, repair & respond.
Cellular Respiration
The process in which mitochondria turn food & oxygen into energy
When Mitochondria are not working properly, you suffer from symptoms like…
- Low Energy like fatigue
- Memory Loss
- Rapid Aging
ETC
The fuel that the mitochondria produces is ___. The mitochondria produces your ___ from the glucose in your bloodstream which was broken down from the carbs you ate.
ATP
If the food is toxic or the digestive system is impaired…
then the mitochondria are too…
The Journey of Your Food
- Oral Cavity
- Salivary Glands
- Esophagus
- Small Intestine
- Large Intestine/Colon
- Rectum/Anus
Overview of the Digestive Process
- Ingestion of macromolecules in food
- Enzymes are released from glands, which aid in breaking down macromolecules into smaller products able to be used by the cells
- Final products are absorbed into the bloodstream
- Final products are transported thru the bloodstream & finally delivered to cells where they can be used as nutrients
- Waste products are eliminated from the body
Something that is there to nourish, support growth, and maintain what the body has achieved and to repair what might need fixing
Nutrients
A macromolecule that’s broken down into peptides, which are broken down further into amino acids, which are are absorbed at the level of the SI
Proteins
A macronutrient that is broken down into monosaccarides such as glucose, fructose, and galactose..which are absorbed in the SI
Carbs
Macronutrients broken down into fatty acids, absorbed in the SI
Fats
Oral Cavity =
The Mouth
___ lubricates the food as someone chews their food. It aids in swallowing what will now be called a bolus
Saliva
3 Different Salivary Glands
Parotid, Sublingual, and Submandibular
Within the saliva there is an enzyme called ___ which assists in the chemical breakdown of carbs
Amylase
Two kinds of breakdown of food happening in the mouth
- Chemical - Assisted by the enzymes amylase
- Mechanical - facilitated by chewing
The bolus moves into the oropharynx and slides up against the epiglottis, which diverts food from the respiratory path so it can travel on into the __
ESOPHAGUS
The bolus heads to the long pipe on your diagram with rhythmic waves of smooth muscle contractions called…
Peristalsis
The squeezing down action that happens along that long tube that leads from the mouth to the stomach; mucus release helps lubricate the travel
Peristalsis
This organ releases highly acidic gastric secretions to destroy any bacteria or parasites that may have entered the body with the bolus.
Stomach
___ is the first line of defense against food-borne pathogens
gastric acidity
Production of an enzyme called ___ begins the digestion and breakdown of proteins
Pepsin
Mechanical + Chemical breakdown of carbs happens in the ___
Mouth
Mechanical breakdown of proteins happens in the ___
Mouth
Chemical breakdown of proteins happens in the ___
Stomach
The mixture of food substances entering the stomach in conjunction with the gastric secretions produced in the stomach
Chyme
The formation of ___ is what triggers the opening of the pyloric sphincter
Chyme
A 20-foot long journey that consists of 3 distinct parts
Small Intestine
3 Parts of the SI
Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
The final breakdown of food happens in the SI
- Protein into amino acids
- Carbs into glucose & other simple sugars
- Fats into fatty acids & glycerols
The upper part of SI that introduces pancreatic enzymes to the chyme and bile from the gallbladder; the body’s primary location of digestion and the biggest area of the breakdown of nutrients
Duodenum
The ___ has a lining that is specialized in the absorption of the carbs & proteins we eat
Jejunum
Digestion =
Breakdown
Absorption =
Uptake or the use of those nutrients
The ___ function is to absorb vitamin B12 and Bile Salts and whatever products of digestion that were not absorbed by the Jejunum
Ileum
The wall of the SI is made of folds- each of which has many tiny finger-like projections known as ___
Villi
The last straggling nutrients and waste products move out of the SI through the ileocecal valve and into the ___
Large Intestine/Colon
Accessory Organs in the Digestive System
1- Teeth
2. Tongue
3. Liver
4. Gallbladder
5. Pancrease
When the contents from the stomach enter into the SI in a more concentrated fashion than usual
Dumping Syndrome
There are 3 different stages of dumping syndrome
Early, Middle, Late
Fullness and/or nausea just 10-30 min after eating
Early stage of dumping syndrome
Bloating, gas, abdominal pain, cramping, or diarrhea just 20 min-60 min after eating
Middle stage of dumping syndrome
Reaction that looks like reactive hypoglycemia around 1-3 hours post eating - quick rise then fall in glucose levels appearing as flushing, rapid heartbeat, and feeling like it’s time to lie down
Late stage of dumping syndrome