Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Equine Science ANBI 320 > Digestive Anatomy + Physiology > Flashcards

Digestive Anatomy + Physiology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is hind gut fermentation

A

food goes through chemical/enzymatic breakdown before fermentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the functions of the digestive tract

A
  • extract nutrients from food
  • eliminate residue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the foregut functions

A
  • enzymatic digestion
  • nutrient absorbtion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the teeths functions

A
  • break up ingested fibre for coloic fermentation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what dysfunctions are caused by teeth

A
  • excess fibre length
  • choke increases
  • colic can increase
  • feed efficiency goes down
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how many teeth do foles have

A
  • 24 deciduous teeth
  • 12 incisors
  • 12 pre-molars
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many teeth do mature males have

A

40-42
2(I3/3 C1/1 P3or4(wolf)/ 3 M3/3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how many teeth do mature females have

A

36-40 females
2(I3/3 C 0or1/0 P30r4/3 M3/3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how can you tell the horses age through their teeth

A
  • tooth eruption
  • changing shape of occlusal surfaces
  • change in angular profile of incisors
  • general tooth wear (variable)
  • disappearance of infundibulum cup (unreliable)
  • 7 year old hook (unreliable)
  • galvaynes groove (unreliable)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what changes can be seen in occlusal surface of the insisors

A
  • newly emerged tooth is wider than is is deep
  • 6 year old incisor is oval
  • 9-12 year old incisor is round
  • 14-17 year old incisor is triangular
  • teeth over 20s are deeper than they are wide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are some clinical signs of dental problems

A
  • quidding
  • inefficient chewing
  • excessive salvation
  • weight loss
  • foul breath
  • cheek sensitivity
  • blood from mouth
  • sinus infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

behavioural signs of dental problems

A
  • inconsistent performance
  • bit sensitivity
  • head throwing
  • lack of collection
  • avoiding bit
  • not stopping or turning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is teeth floating

A
  • upper arcade is wider than the lower arcade
  • points are usually along cheek side of upper cheek teeth and lingual side of lower cheek teeth
  • dentists shave down these points
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are sources of dental problems

A

pasture: incisors tear and cut grass, molars grind
stabling: little wear on incisors, contact between molars reduced
- abnormal mouth condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are salivary glands

A
  • 99% water and 1% organic salts
  • lubricant
  • buffer
  • stimulated by presence of food in mouth (scratching)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how does feed effect salivary glands

A
  • hay absorbs 4x weight in salivia
  • oats absorbs 1x weight in salivia
17
Q

what common issues can arise from equine digestive tract

A
  • reduction in salivia
  • choke
  • EGUS
  • impaction
18
Q

what is the esophagus

A
  • peristaltically moves food and salivia from mouth to stomach
19
Q

what can cause esophageal obstruction or choke

A
  • large food bolus
  • insufficient salivaia
  • previous chokes
  • poor dentition
20
Q

what is equine gastric ulcer syndrome

A
  • imbalance between exposure to acid and protective features of stomach
21
Q

what causes EGUS

A
  • stress
  • transport
  • emergy dense feeds
  • confinment
  • meal fed (horses are naturally grazers)
    intense racing or exercise
22
Q

what increases ulcers

A
  • 7.6 fold increase = from cribbing and windsucking
  • 3.9 increase = urban vs rural settings
  • 1.1 fold = length of training time
  • 3.4 fold increases on weight keepers or weight holders
23
Q

how can fermentation damage mucosa

A
  • at pH less then 4
  • fermentation products inhibit Na transport functions of gastic mucosa
    accumulates withn cells of stomach lining - water pulled into cells - mucosa damage
24
Q

what is the small intestine

A
  • 30% of total intestinal volume
  • carbohydrases, proteases and bile salts secreted from the liver, pancrease and intestinal wall ( no gall bladder)
  • contains 5-8% dry matter
25
Q

what dysfunctions can occure in the small intestine

A
  • obstruction = simple or strangulating
  • high proximal or low distal
  • proximal enterities
26
Q

what is the cecum

A
  • houses population of anaerobic lactate- utilizing lactobacilli and streptococci
  • breakdown and absorbtion of fibrous carbs
  • synthesis of protein, VFAs, b vitamins and vitamin k
27
Q

what are cecum dysfunctions

A
  • disruption of microbial populations
  • ileocecal intussusception
28
Q

can the cecum and colon change sizr

A

variable capacity in response to feed types

29
Q

what is a colon

A
  • 40-50% of intestinal tract capacity
  • water absorbtion
  • ventral colon 12% DM
  • rectum 24% to 34% DM
  • increases concentrates
  • increase water loss
  • absorbtion of products of breakdown of fibrous carbs
30
Q

what are some obstructions in the colon

A

obstructions
impactions
enteroliths
lipomas
torion
displacement
entrapment
- diarrhea from toxins, infections and disease

Equine Science ANBI 320 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions