Application of behaviour Flashcards
what are undesired behaviours that are often seen as wrong
- hard to catch
- head shy
- bite/kick
- pulls when tied
- barn sour
- spooking
- bolting
how can you modify behaviours
- elimiation of behaviours
- reinforce positive behaviours
how can you avoid negative behaviours during training
- clear with what you want
- precise with commands and movements
- create a safe environment for you and the horse, respect your horse and have them respect your space
- over come natural behaviours
why apply optimum training principles
- optimize horse welfare
- reduce horse wastage - 30% get sold for not listening
- decrease horse related injuries
- minimize stress
- decrease fear
- avoid creating conflict behaviour
- decrease unpredictable behaviours
- horses perform better
how do horses learn
- trial and error
- classical conditioning
- operant learning theory
- associate learning
what is trial and error learning
- spontaneous behaviour
- reward system when something works
- repetition behaviour
what is classical conditioning
- unconditioned stimulus
- unconditioned response
conditioned stimulus
conditioned response - unconditioned response is now conditioned after unconditioned and conditioned stimulus are paired
what is an example of an unconditioned response
salivation, flight, elivated heartrate, elevated cortisol, decreased heart rate
what is Operant learning theory
- positive reinforcement - reward for good behaviour
- negative punishment - withholding reward
- positive punishment - eliminante behaviour with punishment
- negative reinforcement - stimulus pressure, action and stopping pressure
what is negative reinforcement
- aversive stimulus - behaviour - release
- pressure - release
- strength of stimuli and timing of release
- start with the slightest amount of behaviour to illicite response
what is evasive behaviour
- avoidance and conflict behaviour
- negative reinforcement becomes punishment
- creates learned helplessness
what is learned helplessness
- continour pressure - submits to pressure and has no reaction
what is positive reinforcement
bribing
- cue - behaviour - reward
- successive approximation= steps that lead up to final behaviour
- potential problems - accidently teacing bad behaviours
what is positive punshment
- timing
- action - punichment - cessation
- severity
- the horse has to understand what its being punished for
- can result with learned helplessness or fearfullness
what is negative punishment
- long term commitment
- action - withhold reward - cessation
- extinction of response
what is associative learning
- classical conditioning and operant conditioning
- decrease responsiveness
- ## increase responsivement to others
what is flooding
- connot respond to any stimulus
- till the horse has no desire to respond - learned helplessness
what are techniques of desensatisation
- progress desensitization - remove pressure as horse calms
- can leave and return
- comfort zone can expand
what is appraoch conditioning
- let animal decide if its going to approach an object
what is stimulus blending
- one scary object and one non scary object
what are the different phases in the learning process
- acquisition
- action outcome
- habit formation
what is acquisition
- trying out responses and identifying the right one
what is action outcome
- ask something and let the horse gage the outcome
what is habit formation
- when a signal is given and the horse responds
what happens when acquisition and out come are paired together
- presentation of clues
- attention aquired
- motivation for appetitive or evasive behaviour
what is the expectation of the pairing acquisition and paired outcome
- pressure release = reward delivered on the consequences of actions
what is long term potential
- lessons staying with the horse
- strengthens link between sensory input and motor output
what is long term depression
- weakens link between sensory input and motor output
what is endophenptype
- behaviour genetic profile
- training to individual horses innate responses
how can you build a training program
- goals
- know horses ability and personality
- trainers’ understanding and capability
what level of arousal should horses have for training
- alert
- not over excited or touchy
- cannot learn in a fight or flight response
