Diarrhea Flashcards
easy questions:
1. definition of diarrhea
2. acute vs. chronic
- passage of watery stools more than 3 times a day.
- acute less than 14d
agent factors for diarrhea (with % of each)
- bacteria 40 - 60%
- no pathogens 20 - 30%
- viruses 15 - 25%
- parasitis
هذه دور وين تحطها
the most susceptible age
6 m - 2y
(especially 6-11 months)
lack of personal hygiene
is it common in winters or summers
bacterial - summer
viral - winter
lets talk about a dangerous infectious diarrhea Cholera, firstly the majority of cases is: 💀
mild or asymptomatic🙄
Typically, cholera is characterized by
sudden onset of profuse, watery diarrhoea, followed by vomiting, rapid dehydration, muscular cramps and suppression of urine.
reservior of cholera
man
types of agent factors
Vibrio cholerae O group 1
There are two biotypes – Classical and El Tor.
is there vaccination for cholera
Vaccination gives partial, temporary immunity for 3-6 months
(parenteral or oral, killed or live attenuated)
all two doses except
parenteral live attenuated = single dose
Incubation period of cholera
few hours to 5 d
antibiotic for cholera
Doxycycline = adult
Cotrimoxazole = children
incubation period of Amoebiasis
2 - 4 w or longer
what is the other name of enteric fever and what is the agent factor
typhoid and paratyphoid fever
(salmonella typhi and S. paratyphi)
Source of Infection of typhoid
faeces & urine of cases & carriers.
Faecal are more frequent than urinary carriers.
which type of bacteria is S. Typhi and how can be killed
Gram negative, flagellated bacillus
killed by pasteurization
typhoid is common in male or female
males
Chronic carriers of salmonella is more common in ……..
females after 40 years of age than males
medical treatment of typhoid
Chloramphenicol
vacination of typhoid
Typhoral
live oral vaccine (capsule)
