Dermatology Flashcards
What types of psoriasis can you get?
Palmo-plantar Chronic plaque Scalp psoriasis Flexor-inverse Pustular Erythrodermic
What is psoriasis
A thickening of the top layer of skin
Due to a chronic, immune-mediated disease
Results in a sharply demarcated erythematous plaque with micaceous scale
What can the nail signs of psoriasis be?
Pitting
Oil spots
Onycholysis
How do you treat psoriasis?
Emollients Coal tar creams Topical steroids Soap substitutes Salicylic acid
Secondary care
- Crude coal tar
- UVB phototherapy
- Dithranol
Systemic
- Retinoids
- immunosuppression
- Biologic
Treating erythrodermic psoriasis
Admit
Fluid balance
Bloods/IV access
Thick, greasy emollients
What is acne?
A disease affecting the pilosebaceous unit
Where “sticky” keratinocytes + increase sebum viscosity
This blocks follicles which leads to comedomes
What characterises acne?
Papules Pustules Nodules Cysts Potential scars
How do you treat acne?
Topical: -Antibiotics - Tetracycline, erythromycin -Retinoids -Benzoyl peroxide Non-topical -Abtibiotics - Same as above Anti-androgens Isotretinoin
What is isotretinoin?
The most effective treatment for acneiform vulgaris
Can only be prescribed by skin specialist ( a retinoid)
Very teratogenic - need regular pregnancy tests
Expensive and can lead to dry skin
What is acne rosacea
Chronic inflammation of cutaneous vasculature
With ace of clubs distribution
Usually on non-facial sites ( has no comedones)
Often older people (30-50)
How do you treat acne rosacea?
Topical
Azelic acid
Ivermecitin
Antibiotics - metronidazole
Non topical
Isotretinoin
What is urticaria?
“hives” Raised, red, itchy bumps developed in a reaction to a substance or environmental aspect (i.e cold)
What is erythroderma?
A descriptive term for any inflammatory skin disease affecting more than 90% of skin surface
What are SJS/TEN?
Two conditions from the same spectrum
Secondary to drugs, and can have a delayed onset
What are the clinical features of SJS?
Fever/malaise Rash Blisters Erosions covering less than 10% skin surface Haemorrhagic crusting
