Cytokines Flashcards
Secreted by macs
IL-1, 6, 8, 12
TNF-alpha
Secreted by all T-cells
IL-2, 3
Secreted by Th1 cells
IFN-gamma
Secreted by Th2 cells
IL-4, 5, 10
What is IFN-a and b? What do they do?
- part of innate host defense against viruses
- glycoproteins synth by virus-infected cells that act locally on uninfected cells “priming them” for viral defense (selectively degrade viral nucleic acid and protein)
IL-1
- osteoclast-activating factor
- fever
- acute inflamm
- activates endothelium to express adhesion molecules
- induces chemokine secretion to recruit WBCs
(macs)
IL-6
- fever and stimulates production of acute-phase proteins
Six makes you sick
macs
What is IL-9 released by and what does it do?
- IL-9 secreted by T cells
- Activates mast cells
IL-8
- major chemotactic factor for PMN
I get to school by 8. PMNs gotta get to inflamm by 8.
macs
IL-12
- induces differentiation of T cells into Th1 cells
- activates NK cells
(And induces release of IFN-gamma)
12am is the start of a different day. T cells differentiate into Th1.
(macs)
TNF-alpha
- mediates septic shock
- activates endothelium (vascular leak)
- causes WBC recruitment
- cachexia in malignancy
IL-2
- stimulate growth of T (including Treg) and NK cells
T’s want more T TOO!
All T cells
IL-3
- supports growth and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells
- functions like GM-CSF
Il-3 GROWS like a tree.
(All T cells)
INF-gamma is secreted by ___________ in response to ____________.
- Th1 and NK cells
- in response to: IL-12 from macs
IFN- gamma
- stimulate and activate ______ and _______
- inhibits differentiation of ________
- increase _________ expresssion in all cells
- also creates _____ and _____ seen on histology
- macs and NK cells (phagolysosome formation and NO synthase release)
- Th2 cells
- MHC and Ag expression and Ag
- granulomas and caseous necrosis (by mac fusion to make giant cells)
(Th1 and NK cells)
IL-4
- class switching to IgE and IgG
- promotes B cell growth
- induces differentiation of T cells into Th2
(Th2)
IL-5
- class switching to IgA
- Stim growth of eos
- promotes B cell growth
(Th2)
IL-10
- attenuates inflamm response
- decreases MHC class II and Th1 cytokines
- inhibits activated macs and dendritic cells
(Th2 and Tregs)
What secretes IL-10?
Th2 and Tregs
What are two cytokines that attenuate the immune response?
- IL-10
- TGF-beta
Important PMN chemotactic agents:
- LTB4
- 5-HETE (leukotriene precursor)
- C5a
- IL-8
