Congenital Heart Defects Flashcards
What are the 5 T’s for right-left shunts (early cyanosis)?
- Truncus arteriosus
- Transposition (note that the shunt isn’t intrinsic to this problem but is needed for life)
- Tricuspid atresia
- Tetralogy of Fallot
- TAVPR (Total anomalous pulmonary venous)
Why are PDAs useful for right-left shunts?
right-left shunt = deoxy blood going to oxy side (blue babies)
PDA allows for the poorly oxy aortic blood to return to the pulm arteries for a chance of oxygenation
What is total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR)?
Pulmonary veins drain into right heart (assoc another defect to allow for right-left shunting)
What is Ebstein anomaly and what is it caused by?
- displacement of tricuspid valve leaflets into the RIGHT ventricle
- tricuspid regurg
- RHF
Caused by: Li exposure in utero
Eisenmenger syndrome is caused by?
Left-right shunts
What are 3 left-right shunts?
- VSD
- ASD
- PDA
What is the most common congenital cardiac defect?
VSD (most self-resolve)
Coarctation of the aorta CXR findings:
Intercostal arteries enlarge to carry collateral flow, creating notched ribs
Coarc of the aorta is assoc with increased risk of:
- cerebral hemorrhage (berry aneurysms)
- aortic rupture
- endocarditis
Where does coarc of the aorta normally take place?
- juxtaductal (next to PDA which is by L. subclav a.)
EtOH heart defects
- all left-right shunts (VSD, ASD, PDA)
- TOF
Congenital rubella (German measles) defects
- PDA
Down syndrome defects:
- AV septal defect (endocardial cushion defect)
DM mother defects:
- transposition of great vessels
22q11 del defects:
- Truncus arteriosus
- TOF
