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Mycology and Virology > Cutaenous mycoses > Flashcards

Cutaenous mycoses Flashcards

1
Q

Causative agent of tinea favosa/farvus

A

T. schoenleinii

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2
Q

Tinea favosa/farvus appearance

A

Yellow crusty cup-shaped flakes (scutula) on head

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3
Q

Macroscopic colony appearance of T. schoenleinii

A

Irregularly heaped, smooth, white to cream, with radiating grooves; reverse white

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4
Q

Hyphal structure of T. schoenleinii

A

Hyphae become knobby and club-shaped at the terminal ends, with short lateral and terminal branches

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5
Q

Trichophyton mentagrophytes

A

Tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea pedis, tinea unguium

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6
Q

Colony appearance of T. mentagrophytes

A

Velvety and fluffy or granular and flat; white or tan to pink; reverse white, rose, or red-brown

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7
Q

Microconidia of T. mentagrophytes

A

Numerous, small, globose, arranged in grape-like clusters

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8
Q

Macroconidia of T. mentagrophytes

A

Rare, thin-walled, smooth, cigar-shaped

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9
Q

Urease test for T. mentagrophytes

A

Positive

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10
Q

Hair-baiting test for T. mentagrophytes

A

Produces wedge shapes in hair

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11
Q

Growth on Trichophyton agars

A

Grows on Trichophyton agars Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4

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12
Q

Microsporum gypseum

A

Tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea unguium

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13
Q

Colony appearance of M. gypseum

A

Flat, tan to brown or cinnamon-brown, granular or powdery; reverse side rose-brown, red-brown, or cinnamon

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14
Q

Microconidia of M. gypseum

A

Sparse, clavate, smooth-walled

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15
Q

Macroconidia of M. gypseum

A

Numerous, thick-walled, cigar-shaped, multiseptate, spiny surfaces, rounded tips

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16
Q

Growth on rice grain for M. gypseum

A

Grows in rice grain

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17
Q

Trichophyton tonsurans

A

Tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea pedis, tinea unguium

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18
Q

Colony appearance of T. tonsurans

A

Flat, powdery, granular; cream, tan, yellow-rose, or rust-colored; colonies become heaped or sunken with folds; reverse yellow to tan

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19
Q

Microconidia of T. tonsurans

A

Abundant, tear-, club-, or balloon-shaped

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20
Q

Macroconidia of T. tonsurans

A

Rare, smooth-walled, cylindrical

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21
Q

Growth on Trichophyton agars for T. tonsurans

A

Requires thiamine; grows well on Trichophyton agars Nos. 3 and 4; fails on Nos. 1 and 2

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22
Q

Hair involvement in T. tonsurans

A

Black-dot ringworm, Endothrix hair involvement

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23
Q

1 cause of fungal scalp infection

A

Tinea capitis

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24
Q

Trichophyton rubrum

A

Tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea unguium

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25
Q

Colony appearance of T. rubrum

A

Fluffy or granular white to pink colonies; reverse side cherry red or wine red on cornmeal agar

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26
Q

Microconidia of T. rubrum

A

Tear-shaped, borne laterally from long strands of hyphae; resemble ‘birds on a fence’

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27
Q

Macroconidia of T. rubrum

A

Rare, thin-walled, smooth, pencil-shaped

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28
Q

Hydrolysis of urea, hair-baiting test, and growth on Trichophyton agars for T. rubrum

A

Rarely hydrolyzes urea (requires 7 days for observable reaction); negative hair-baiting test; grows on Trichophyton agars Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4

29
Q

Epidermophyton floccosum

A

Onychomycosis, Tinea corporis, Tinea pedis

30
Q

Colony appearance of E. floccosum

A

White to tan colonies, yellow to mustard-yellow or khaki-green with age; flat, suede-like texture with folded center; reverse side yellow-brown or dark orange with folds

31
Q

Microconidia of E. floccosum

A

Absent

32
Q

Macroconidia of E. floccosum

A

Numerous, club-shaped, spatulate, beaver’s tail, with 2-4 cells, occurring singly or in clusters of 3-4; 10% KOH

33
Q

Microsporum audoinii

A

Gray-patch ringworm, Ectothrix hair involvement, Tinea capitis, Tinea corporis

34
Q

Colony appearance of M. audoinii

A

Cream, tan, buff, or light brown, flat, velvety colony; reverse side salmon pink or orange-brown

35
Q

Microconidia of M. audoinii

A

Rare

36
Q

Macroconidia of M. audoinii

A

Bizarre-shaped, thick-walled, spindle, and multiseptate with rough surface; terminal chlamydospores

37
Q

Test for M. audoinii

A

Woods lamp: apple-green fluorescence; 10% KOH; No growth in rice grain

38
Q

Microsporum canis

A

Tinea capitis, Tinea corporis

39
Q

Colony appearance of M. canis

A

White to buff granular or cottony surface with bright yellow periphery; reverse side lemon-yellow or yellow-orange

40
Q

Microconidia of M. canis

A

Clavate, smooth-walled, laterally attached to hyphae

41
Q

Macroconidia of M. canis

A

Thick-walled, spindle-shaped, multiseptate, rough-walled with curved tip and knobby projections

42
Q

Test for M. canis

A

Woods lamp: green-yellow fluorescence; spindle-shaped macroconidia; grows in rice grain

43
Q

Beard and mustache infections; usually zoophilic and an occupational hazard for farm workers

A

Tinea barbae

44
Q

Fungal species causing Tinea barbae

A

T. mentagrophytes, T. verrucosum, Microsporum canis

45
Q

Common in children, Ectothrix infection

A

Tinea capitis (Gray-patch ringworm)

46
Q

Fungal species causing Gray-patch ringworm

A

Microsporum canis, Microsporum audouinii

47
Q

Endothrix infection

A

Tinea capitis (Black-dot ringworm)

48
Q

Fungal species causing Black-dot ringworm

A

Trichophyton tonsurans

49
Q

Tinea capitis (Inflammatory type)

A

Ectothrix infection

50
Q

Fungal species causing inflammatory Tinea capitis

A

Trichophyton mentagrophytes

51
Q

Hair follicle at its base, rusty cup-shaped flakes (scutula) in the head

A

Tinea favosa (T. schoenleinii)

52
Q

Geophilic infections; associated with Microsporum canis, M. gypseum, Trichophyton rubrum, T. tonsurans

A

Tinea corporis (Body, especially the trunk)

53
Q

Distinctive lesion seen in individuals living in isolated tropical environments

A

Tinea imbricata (T. concentricum)

54
Q

Common in athletes, military personnel, and those sharing towels/clothing; caused by Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes

A

Tinea cruris (Groin)

55
Q

Itchy, round patches on the back of the hands and dry, thickened skin on palms; caused by Trichophyton rubrum

A

Tinea manuum (Hands, palms, and fingers)

56
Q

Common on soles of feet and between toes, characterized by itching, scales, and possible seeping; caused by T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, E. floccosum

A

Tinea pedis (Feet, Athlete’s Foot)

57
Q

Infection begins at the edge of the nail and causes thickening and brittleness; caused by T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, E. floccosum

A

Tinea unguium (Nails, Onychomycosis)

58
Q

Epidermophyton: Skin and Nails, Microsporum: Skin and Hair, Trichophyton: Skin, Hair, Nails

A

Dermatophytes Classification

59
Q

Mycosel agar/Mycobiotic agar; microscopic examination: Large, smooth-walled club-shaped MACROCONIDIA; colony khaki colored

A

Epidermophyton floccosum

60
Q

Mycosel agar/Mycobiotic agar; microscopic examination: Large rough-walled, many-celled MACROCONIDIA; microconidia few or absent; spindle-shaped with curved tips; reverse colony orange or yellow

A

Microsporum canis

61
Q

Mycosel agar/Mycobiotic agar; microscopic examination: Large rough-walled, many-celled MACROCONIDIA; microconidia few or absent; broadly spindle-shaped with rounded ends; colony cinnamon colored

A

Microsporum gypseum (Nannizzia gypsea)

62
Q

Mycosel agar/Mycobiotic agar; microscopic examination: Large rough-walled, many-celled MACROCONIDIA; microconidia few or absent; rare bizarre-shaped, only terminal chlamydospores; colony salmon colored, no growth on rice medium

A

Microsporum audouinii

63
Q

Mycosel agar/Mycobiotic agar; microscopic examination: many microconidia smooth elongated, macroconidia few or absent; urea agar: positive in 2 days, star-shaped powdery colonies; round grape-like clusters of microconidia on cornmeal agar, few spiral hyphae, present in some cultures

A

T. mentagrophytes

64
Q

Mycosel agar/Mycobiotic agar; microscopic examination: many microconidia smooth elongated, macroconidia few or absent; negative in 2 days; cornmeal dextrose agar; red pigment - tear-shaped microconidia along hyphae on cornmeal agar

A

Trichophyton rubrum

65
Q

Mycosel agar/Mycobiotic agar; microscopic examination: many microconidia smooth elongated, macroconidia few or absent; urea agar = no red pigment; balloon-shaped microconidia on cornmeal agar - trichophyton agar 4 - increased growth

A

T. tonsurans

66
Q

Mycosel agar/Mycobiotic agar; conidia usually not present, only hyphae seen; colony violet color - Trichophyton agar 4 - increased growth

A

Trichophyton violaceum

67
Q

Mycosel agar/Mycobiotic agar; conidia usually not present, only hyphae seen; colony color white and wrinkled; antler hyphae present

A

T. schoenleinii

68
Q

Mycosel agar/Mycobiotic agar; conidia usually not present, only hyphae seen; colony very slow growing, heaped up partially submerged in medium, smooth surface without aerial hyphae; increased growth at 37°C with production of chains of chlamydospores with septa appearing like fission planes; Trichophyton agar 4 increased growth

A

T. verrucosum

Mycology and Virology (16 decks)

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