COPD Part 1 Flashcards
is a preventable and treatable slowly progressive respiratory disease of airflow obstruction
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
COPD involves
airways, pulmonary parenchyma, or both
parenchyma includes any form of lung tissue, including
Bronchioles, bronchi, blood vessels, interstitium and alveoli
Is copd reversible?
Irreversble, not fully reversible
Most patients with COPD present with overlapping signs and symptoms of _____ that can cause airflow obstruction
emphysema and chronic bronchitis
Other diseases classified as COPD
cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchiectasis, and asthma
are the fourth leading cause of death for people of all ages in the United States
COPD and lower respiratory diseases
they are the third leading cause of death for people ages 65 and over
COPD and lower respiratory diseases
What age do COPD become symptomatic
Middle adult years, disease increases with age
COPD inflammatory response occurs throughout
Proximal airway and peripheral airway, and lung parenchyma and pulmonary vasculature
a disease of the airways, is defined as the presence of cough and sputum production for at least 3 months in each of 2 consecutive years.
Chronic bronchitis
imbalances of these substances in the lung may also contribute to airflow limitation
Proteinases and antiproteinases
play an important role in destroying foreign particles, including bacteria.
Macrophages
impaired oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange results from destruction of the walls of overdistended alveoli.
Emphysema
is a pathologic term that describes an abnormal distention of the airspaces beyond the terminal bronchioles and destruction of the walls of the alveoli
Emphysema
one of the complications of emphysema, is right-sided heart failure brought on by longterm high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries.
Cor pulmonale
high pressure in the pulmonary arteries and right ventricle lead to back up of blood in the venous system, resulting in
dependent edema, distended neck veins, or pain in the region of the liver
two main types of emphysema, based on the changes taking place in the lung. Both may occur in same pt.
Panlobular (panacinar) and Centrilobular (centroacinar)
panlobular (panacinar) type of emphysema, there is destruction of the
respiratory bronchiole, alveolar duct, and alveolus
All airspaces within the lobule are essentially enlarged, but there is little inflammatory disease.
Panlobular (panacinar)