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NCM118 > Atelectasis > Flashcards

Atelectasis Flashcards

1
Q

is derived from the Greek words
“ateles” and “ektasis

A

Atelectasis

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2
Q

Refers to closure or collapse of alveoli.

A

Atelectasis

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3
Q

means that lung sacs cannot inflate properly, which means your blood may not be able to deliver oxygen to organs and tissues.

A

Atelectasis

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4
Q

Atelectasis may also be called

A

Collapsed lung

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5
Q

Dx

A

CT Scan
Oximetry
Ultrasound of the thorax
Bronchoscopy

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6
Q

Risk factors

A

<5 or >60
Asthma and COPD
premature birth
Recent gen anesth
Obesity
Smoking

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7
Q

Types of atelectasis

A

Obstructive atelectasis
Non obstructive atelectasis

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8
Q

Most common type

A

Obstructive

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9
Q

Due to a physical blockage of airflow

A

Obstructive

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10
Q

Causes of obstructive atelectasis

A

Mucus pluggin
Foreign body
Tumor
Blood clot

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11
Q

When alveoli collapse due to factors acting via other mechanisms. Least common

A

Non obstructive atelectasis

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12
Q

Causes of non obstructive atelectasis

A

Injury
Pleural effusion
Pneumonia
Pneumothorax
Tumor

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13
Q

Classification of atelectasis

A

Acute
Chronic

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14
Q

Post operative settings, The lung has recently collapsed and is primarily notable only for airlessness.

A

Acute

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15
Q

In COPD patient (insidious and slower in onset)
In chronic atelectasis, the affected area is often
characterized by infection, Bronchiectasis, destruction,
and scarring (fibrosis).

A

Chronic

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16
Q

Classification based in characteristic

A

Compression
Cicatrization
Absorption
Adhesive
Relaxation
Rounded

17
Q

occurs from the lesion of the thorax compresses the lungs.

A

Compression

18
Q

is secondary to increased pressure exerted on the lung causing the alveoli to collapse. In other words,there is a “decrease” transmural pressure gradient

A

Compression

19
Q

> It results from the severe scarring of the lung parenchyma and caused by the necrotizing pneumonia.

A

Cicatrization

20
Q

> Refers to the condition where the reduction of nitrogen concentration in the lungs causes a collapse

A

Absorption

21
Q

surfactant deficiency. ARDS

A

Adhesive

22
Q

results when pleural effusion or
Pneumothorax eliminates contact between parietal pleura and
visceral pleura.

A

Relaxation

23
Q

> Occurs as consequence of diseases with chronic pleural scarring, especially asbestos-related pleural disease and TB.

A

Rounded

24
Q

S/sx

A

SOB
increased HR
Coughing
Chest pain
Cyanosis

25
Q

Causes

A

Mucus plugging
Inhaled object
Pneumothorax
Tumors
Pleural effusion

26
Q

Treatment

A

CPT
spirometry
Chest percussion
Postural drainage
CPAP

27
Q

Nsg interventions

A

Peform coughing and breathing exercises q 1-2 hrs
Incentive spirometry
Adm analgesics
Adm sedatives
Assess breath sounds
Monitor pulse oximetry

NCM118 (23 decks)

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